Structure/Function Interactions Kelly Riedell Brookings Biology SP 7: The student is able to connect and relate knowledge across various scales, concepts, and representations in and across domains

THIS IS NOT TELL ME FACTS ! ! ! ! STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape?, What it’s made of? What’s its job? How it is put together? How it acts? Properties? THIS IS NOT TELL ME FACTS ! ! ! ! Ligase Joins Okazaki fragments THIS IS NOT OBJECT/FUNCTION ! ! ! Mitochondria “Powerplant of cell”

STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape. , What it’s made of. What’s its job STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape?, What it’s made of? What’s its job? How it is put together? How it acts? Properties? AP LEVEL ANSWERS! ! ! ! X Mitochondria “Powerplant of cell” Burns glucose and stores energy released as ATP; Cellular respiration

STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape. , What it’s made of. What’s its job STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape?, What it’s made of? What’s its job? How it is put together? How it acts? Properties? X Burns glucose and stores energy released as ATP; Cellular respiration Mitochondria BE SPECIFIC WHAT IS IT ABOUT THE STRUCTURE THAT MAKES THE FUNCTION HAPPEN?

STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape. , What it’s made of. What’s its job STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape?, What it’s made of? What’s its job? How it is put together? How it acts? Properties? Allows separation of different biochemical pathways into different places inside mitochondria. Increased efficiency by localizing enzymes need in a pathway (Krebs cycle) together in same place (matrix) Creates a space for H+ ions to build up (intermembrane space) making a concentration gradient to power ATP production Mitochondria have a double membrane which divides the interior into compartments

STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape. , What it’s made of. What’s its job STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape?, What it’s made of? What’s its job? How it is put together? How it acts? Properties? Increases surface area for greater transport of H+ ions across membrane by ETC proteins Folding in cristae membrane Phospholipid tails in membranes are hydrophobic Allows formation of H+ gradient; Keeps charged H+ ions from leaking out of intermembrane space without passing through ATP synthase Prevents passage of ions across membranes without going through a transport protein: actively pumped into intermembrane space by ETC proteins; return to matrix passively through ATP synthase to make ATP Charge on H+ ions

STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape. , What it’s made of. What’s its job STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape?, What it’s made of? What’s its job? How it is put together? How it acts? Properties? Easier to separate /open DNA strand in areas with lots of A-T ‘s (TATA boxes). RNA polymerase can start reading code easier here A-T has 2 hydrogen bonds G-C has 3 hydrogen bonds awdfasdf asdfasdf asdfasdf adfasdf asdfasdf sdfasdff asdfasdf asdfasdf

STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape. , What it’s made of. What’s its job STRUCTURE FUNCTION Shape?, What it’s made of? What’s its job? How it is put together? How it acts? Properties? Allows access to DNA code for replication and transcription DNA can exist in a less tightly packed CHROMATIN form Makes it easier for cells to move during mitosis/meiosis DNA can exist in a more tightly packed CHROMOSOME form Bring their own build in energy to join strand During replication, nucleotide subunits come in as tri-phosphates ADD EXAMPLES TO YOUR BILL You DON’T need to add them ALL Pick the best examples or make up your own Make sure they give specific descriptions about the structure & details about how the structure affects its properties! Add pictures if you like to illustrate your examples

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