Tumor immunology

Content IMMUNOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE TUMOR ANTIGENS EFFECTOR MECHANISMS IN ANTI-TUMOR IMMUNITY MECHANISMS OF EVASION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM BY TUMORS TUMOR IMMUNOTHERAPY

Immunosurveillance Physiological function of the immune system to recognize and destroy malignantly transformed cells before they grow into tumors, or to kill tumors after they are formed

Tumor antigens Tumor-specific antigens (TSA) Antigens expressed on tumor cells but not on normal cells Tumor-associated antigens (TAA) Antigens expressed concurently on normal cells

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Figure 14-12

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Effector mechanisms in anti-tumor immunity T lymphocytes NK cells Antibodies Macrophages

Effector mechanisms in anti-tumor immunity T lymphocytes NK cells Antibodies Macrophages

Figure 1-6

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Effector mechanisms in anti-tumor immunity T lymphocytes NK cells Antibodies Macrophages

Effector mechanisms in anti-tumor immunity T lymphocytes NK cells Antibodies Macrophages

Mechanisms of evasion of the immune response by tumors

IMPORTANT ISSUES IN DESIGNING EFFECTIVE CANCER VACCINE Too less good things for initiation of antitumor immune response Failure to produce and/or present antigen Failure to activate T cells Too many bad things for maintenance of an effective antitumor immune response Immunosuppresive cytokines Induction of immunoprivileges Induction of regulatory cells

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Tumor immunotherapy Nonspecific Specific Passive Active Vaccination Monoclonal Abs adoptive (LAK, TIL) Active Vaccination

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IMPORTANT ISSUES IN DESIGNING EFFECTIVE CANCER VACCINE To identify potent tumor rejection antigens To stimulate an effective antitumor immune response To avoid autoimmune pathology