Americans, Citizenship and Governments Chapter 1 Americans, Citizenship and Governments

Lesson 1 Being an American Objective: TSW explain character traits that are beneficial to individuals and society. COS 10.3 Essential Question: What are the characteristics that make up a culture?

Lesson 1 Being an American What do you know about your own family history? Where did your family first come from? When did they come to America and why?

Lesson 1 Being an American Vocabulary: immigrant ethnic group values institution popular sovereignty distinct

Lesson 1: Being an American A Diverse Population Who Is an American? http://www.learn360.com/McGrawHillPlayer.aspx?ID=131899&pt=1

Lesson 1: Being an American A Diverse Population As you read chapter 1, complete the following web by identifying characteristics of American population. Nation of Immigrants American Population

Lesson 1: Being an American A Diverse Population Immigrants are people who left their native country to move to a different country. Why might people leave their native country? Movement to the United States has been taking place for a few hundred years. About 98% are descendants from other countries. People have worked together to build a nation.

Lesson 1: Being an American A Diverse Population History of Immigration: Most scholars believe that the first people to live in the United States came from Asia about 20,000 years ago. They are now called Native Americans. Early European immigrants settled in the eastern U.S. and Canada. Early immigrants created the 13 colonies that became the United States.

Lesson 1: Being an American A Diverse Population A History of Immigration: Some people did not come willingly. People from western and central Africa were taken by force and sold into slavery. In 1807 Congress passes a law that prohibited this practice. People began to flee poverty and disease. The discovery of gold in California attacked new settlers.

Lesson 1: Being an American A History of Immigration

Lesson 1: Being an American Ongoing Transformation Immigrant contributed to a diverse American Culture Different foods Way of life Shift in population from farms to cities. Blue collar workers White collar workers Freeing of enslaved people. More women are in the labor force.

Lesson 1: Being an American American Diversity Racial groups share distinctive physical traits. Ethnic groups share common national, cultural or racial backgrounds. Americans have diverse religious beliefs.

Lesson 1: Being an American Values and Institutions Values are our standard of behavior. Certain shared values help unite all Americans: freedom, equality, opportunity, justice, and democracy. Freedom is the ability to make choices. Justice means fairness. Other shared values include respect for one another and tolerance.

Lesson 1: Being an American Values and Institutions Institutions are key practices, relationships, and organizations in a society. Most important social institution is the family.

Lesson 1: Being an American Values and Institutions Other important social institutions include: religion and schools.

Lesson 1: Being an American Values and Institutions Government institution reflex how strongly Americans value freedom. The constitution makes sure that the government is limited in its power. Popular sovereignty is the idea that the government receives its power from the people.

Lesson 1: Being an American A History of Immigration

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Objective: TLW explain how United States’ citizenship is acquired by immigrants. Essential Question: What is a citizen?

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Vocabulary: citizen civics citizenship government naturalization alien refugee

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? As you read p. 11-14, Complete a web diagram like the one shown to summarize the characteristics of citizenship. Originated in ancient Greece and Rome Characteristics of Citizenship

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Work with your partner and write a definition of citizen and a definition of civics. We will share definitions in 3 min.

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Share definitions: Citizens are members of a community who owe loyalty to a government and in turn, are entitled to protection of that government. Civics is the study of the duties and rights of citizens.

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? To have an effective government, citizens must understand their rights and responsibilities

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Citizenship: rights and duties of citizens Began in ancient Greece and Rome (only men who owned property) Citizens had legal rights and allowed them to take part in government. Duties included paying taxes and serving in the armed forces.

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? The Growth of American Citizenship Directions: Complete the timeline with the correct information for each date. 1776 1868 1920 1924 White men who owned property Women win the right to vote 19th amendment. African American men win citizenship through 14th amendment. Native Americans are granted citizenship.

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Natural Born Citizens In order to be a citizen, you must: 1. Have been born in the US or in one of its territories 2. At least one of your parents was a US citizen when you were born

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Complete the following chart How to Become a Naturalized U.S. Citizen How to lose U.S. Citizenship

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Naturalization: a legal process to obtain citizenship Complete an application and send it to the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) Talk with an USCIS official to show understanding of the requirements. Take a citizenship exam Special ceremony, swear to be loyal to the U.S. above all other countries.

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? 1. What is the supreme law of the land? 2. What does the Constitution do? 3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? 4. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? 5. How many amendments does the Constitution have? 6. What are the 2 longest rivers in the US?

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Losing Citizenship Expatriation: person who gives his or her allegiance to another country. Denaturalization: Citizen who have lied on citizenship application. Being convicted of certain crimes: Treason, taking part in a rebellion, and trying to overthrow the govt.

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Only the federal government can grant or take away citizenship.

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? An alien is a foreign born resident who has not been naturalized. Legal alien Resident alien a legal immigrant who permanently lives in the U.S. Nonresident alien is someone who expect to stay in the U.S. for a short time. Hold jobs, own property, attend public schools, and receive govt. services. Can not vote, run for office, serve on juries or work in most govt. jobs. Must carry identifications card at all times.

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? A refugee is a person fleeing his or her country to escape danger, disaster (earthquakes, war). The government can grant a person political refugee if they can prove that they are in danger if they return to their homeland.

Lesson 2: Becoming a Citizen What is Civics? Illegal aliens are individuals who come or remain in the U.S. illegally. They can be arrested and deported. Against the law to hire an illegal alien.

Lesson 3 Duties and Responsibilities of American Citizens Objectives Describe individual and civic responsibilities of citizens of the U.S. Differentiate rights, privileges, duties, and responsibilities between citizens and noncitizens. Essential Question: What is a citizen?

Lesson 3 Duties and Responsibilities of American Citizens Vocabulary: responsibility duty tolerance welfare volunteerism

Lesson 3 Duties and Responsibilities of American Citizens As you read complete the following chart. Duties Responsibilities

Lesson 3 Duties and Responsibilities of American Citizens Duties are actions that citizen are required to preform. Obey laws Pay taxes Defend the nation Serve in court Attend school

Lesson 3 Duties and Responsibilities of American Citizens Responsibilities are things citizens should do. Be an informed and active Citizen Voice your opinion Vote Know what elected leaders are doing. Respect the rights of others Treat others politely and respectfully Everyone has the right to his/her opinion, beliefs, and practices. Tolerance: respecting and accepting others, regardless of differences Contribute to the common good (things that benefit all) Show concern for others Give time effort, and money to improve community

Lesson 3 Duties and Responsibilities of American Citizens Being Involved—Share responsibilities for meeting community needs. Welfare: health, prosperity and happiness of all members Volunteerism: practice of offering time and services to others without receiving payment.

Lesson 3 Duties and Responsibilities of American Citizens Link chart: Types of Volunteer Organizations

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Objective: Compare the govt. of the U.S. with other governmental systems (monarchy, limited monarchy, oligarchy, dictatorship, theocracy, and pure democracy) Essential Question: Why do people create, structure, and change governments?

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Vocabulary: public policy representative democracy constitutional monarchy majority rule authoritarian regime totalitarian ideology socialism resolve

Lesson 4: Forms of Government The Importance of Governments Keep order and provide security Provide laws, or rules of conduct Law help resolve, or find a solution, for conflicts. Provide services Libraries, schools, hospitals, parks Build and repair streets and bridges Collect garbage Deliver mail Guide the community Develops public policy (decisions and actions a govt. takes to solve problems) Involves financial planning Handles relations with other countries.

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Levels of Government: Federal Makes and enforces laws for the entire country Sets rules for citizenship

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Levels of Government: State Laws cannot go against the federal govt. Decides matters for the people of their state Marriage laws, make rules for schooling, and hold elections. Manage public health and safety, build roads/bridges.

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Levels of Government: Local Level of govt. closest to the citizens Cannot take actions that go against federal govt. Provide schools, police, fire, emergency, medical, services Local courts Public services—outdoor lighting, removing snow, parade clean-up.

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Video: Communism, Capitalism and Socialism http://www.learn360.com/McGrawHillPlayer.aspx?ID=678361&pt=1

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Make a tri-fold foldable to identity the following five forms of governments: Define, give details, and examples (country/ruler) Democracy 4. Dictatorship Monarchy 5. Theocracy Oligarchy The front fold will be the title page: Forms of Governments, your name, and period.

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Types of Government Democratic Government Began in Athens Greece Pure Democracy: all citizens met to discuss govt. matters and voted. Representative democracy: citizen choose a group of people to represent them, make laws, Republics: citizens have a role in choosing the head of govt. Constitutional monarchy: Hereditary ruler with limited power (ceremonial) Voter elect representatives to a lawmaking body Representatives choose a prime minister to head govt. Democracy works on the principle of majority rule—more than half

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Types of Government cont. Authoritarian Govt. Power is held by a person or group not accountable to the people. Absolute monarchy (autocracy): Monarchs ruled as they wished with unlimited power. Modern absolute monarch: King of Saudi Arabia Dictatorship: dictators have complete control. Come to power often by force Rely on police and military to remain in power. People do not have freedoms Modern dictatorships: North Korea, Turkmenistan

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Types of Government cont. Totalitarian rule: Govt. controls all aspects of people’s lives Ideology: strict idea about life and society Socialism: society (govt.) controls all aspects of the economy Infamous totalitarian regimes: Nazi Germany/Hitler, Fascist Italy/Mussolini, Soviet Union/Stalin Modern totalitarian nations: Cuba, North Korea

Lesson 4: Forms of Government

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Types of Government cont. Oligarchies: form of govt. in which a small group of people hold power. Theocracies: govt. ruled by religious leaders. Religious law is the basis of society’s law.

Lesson 4: Forms of Government Types of Government cont. Systems of Governments Federal system: power is divided (United States) Germany, Brazil and India have federal systems Unitary systems: central govt. is supreme Central govt. creates smaller units to carry out some of its functions France, Japan and Great Britain have unitary govt. Confederal system: states have agreed to join together to create a common body but states retain power. Example—the United States after it gained independence.

Chapter 1 Review Choose one of the following activities to complete. (20 points) Due at the end of period. 1. Draw a Venn diagram and compare two types of governments. 2. Write a paragraph describing what it means to be a citizen of the United States. 3. Design a graphic organizer that explains the naturalization process.

Chapter 1 Review Art Activity: (20 points) Design a billboard that illustrates a duty of a good citizen or a responsibility of a good citizen. ****Remember billboards are large in order to be seen. Make sure to fill the paper with your illustration. Be creative and have fun. Due at the end of period.