Chapter One- Document Review Answer Key

Identify where each Indigenous group lives using the letters below.

2. How is the wigwam suited to the nomadic lifestyle 2. How is the wigwam suited to the nomadic lifestyle? The wigwam was adapted to the nomadic way of life of the Algonquian because it could easily put up and taken down. The wigwam was entirely created using resources that were available in the Canadian Shield; that is, birch bark, animal skins and reed mats. These resources were light and could easily be rolled up and transported. 3. What types of amulets were worn by the Inuit? What purpose did they have? The Inuit wore amulets depicting the animal that they wanted to hunt. They believed that these amulets protected the hunter and brought him good luck.

4. What connection can you make between the description in the document and the importance Indigenous peoples placed on sharing goods? Indigenous groups did not believe in individual property and they felt that it was their duty to engage in reciprocal gift-giving. In other words, they felt that it was their duty to give, to receive and to give back. 5. What influences the movement of Algonquian peoples? The seasons

6. Name one of the shaman’s supernatural powers. Healing 7. Describe the scope of the native trade network. Vast/Large Across the continent of North America 8. Why did Indigenous peoples place value on obsidian? They placed value on this hard stone because it was useful to make sharp, durable weapons and tools.

9. Name on criteria the Iroquois used to choose the location of their villages. Explain why. Elevation: This gave them a view of the countryside which protected them against surprise attacks. Stream around the area: The stream acted as a natural moat which protected them from any surprise intruders. 10. What were shells used to make? In what situations were these items typically traded? Shells were used to make jewelry and adornments During alliance meetings, nations exchanged gifts that were created using shells

11. Under what circumstances were wampum belts exchanged 11. Under what circumstances were wampum belts exchanged? What did each element signify? The wampum belt was exchanged during an alliance meeting (presented to a chief during trade agreements). Wampum belts were made of shells arranged in patterns on strips of leather. Each element had a meaning. Every pattern, color and symbol communicated a specific message.