The Civil War (War Between the States) 1861-1865 North (Union) vs. South (Confederacy) Music Credit: http://www.txrebel.com/dixie.html

Vocabulary Civil War- a war between citizens of the same country Union- northern portion of the United States during the Civil War (anti-slavery) Confederacy- southern portion of the United States during the Civil War (pro- slavery) Emancipate- to set free from legal, political or social restrictions

Main Causes State’s Rights Slavery Cotton Gin by Eli Whitney in 1793 Preserving the Union Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe Slave vs. Free States Picture Credit: http://www.disciples.org/convo/Slavery.jpg

Civil War Facts 1/2 million people were killed or wounded in the Civil War 60 % of the fighting took place in Virginia

North South 23 States 11 States Union Confederate Yankee Rebel Blue Coats Grey Coats USA CSA Virginia (*Location of Capital)

Border States (Kentucky, Maryland, & Missouri) were States that had soldiers fighting for both sides! Border States were PRO-SLAVERY & AGAINST SECESSION.

Picture Credit: http://www. historyplace. com/civilwar/cwar-pix/civmap

Key People

Abolitionist Abolitionist were people who wanted to end slavery. Frederick Douglass (on left) was a well- known abolitionist. Picture Credit: http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/lincpix/fred-doug.jpg

John Brown Was a white man that lead a raid on Harper’s Ferry, Virginia in 1859 so that he could help free the slaves. He was later hung in Charleston, West Virginia.

Abe Lincoln President of the Union (north) The North’s Capital was Washington D.C. Freed slaves in confederate territories with the Emancipation Proclamation http://www.lincolnstore.com/page5.html

Ulysses S. Grant General of the Union army during the Civil War. Would go on to become the 18th United States President.

Jefferson Davis President of the Confederacy (south) The South’s Capital was Richmond, Virginia. http://www.heritagephotographs.com/presjefdav18.html

Robert E. Lee General of the Confederate army during the Civil War. Considered a military genius by most.

Key Battles

Fort Sumter The first major battle of the Civil War began on April 12, 1861. After 2 days, the North surrendered to the South. No one was killed but 1 soldier who was killed when a cannon backfired during the surrendering ceremony. Picture Credit: http://library.thinkquest.org/3055/graphics/battles/images/sumteranim.gif

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) The first major land battle of the armies in Virginia on July 16, 1861.

Texas Battles

Texans in the War 60,000 to 70,000 Texans fought for the Confederacy The most famous units were: Hood’s Texas Brigade Terry’s Texas Rangers Ross’s Brigade Texas was known as the “storehouse of the Confederacy” Goods were brought into and out of Texas by sea and through Mexico. Supplies like weapons, food, and horses were then shipped to the rest of the South

Texas Battles of the Civil War No Major Battles of the War took place in Texas Most fighting centered on keeping the Gulf ports open This was difficult because of the Union blockade Battle of Glorieta Pass (1862) -Texans tried to take over New Mexico -Supplies ran low and they were defeated by Union forces -New Mexico remained part of the Union the rest of the war

Texas Battles of the Civil War Battle of Galveston (1863) Union troops had captured Galveston (important port) to cut off Confederate supplies. Jan 1, 1863, John B Magruder using “cottonclads”, recaptured it for the Confederacy. Battle of Sabine Pass (1863) -47 Texans led by Richard Dowling defeated a much larger Union force. -Captured 2 gunboats and 350 Union soldiers and prevented invasion of Texas. -Received only medals of honor ever awarded by the Confederacy

Texas Battles of the Civil War Battle of Mansfield (1864) Union tried to invade Texas from the East following the Red River Large Union invasion force was attacked and defeated at Mansfield, Louisiana Battle of Palmito Ranch (1865) -Last battle of the Civil War -Confederacy won, but lost the war.

End of Texas Battles, now more National Battles

Human corpse on ground post battle.

Ditch Grave!

Antietam The battle took place in Farmer Miller’s cornfield. Is known as the Single bloodiest day in the Civil War. 23,500 men were killed in the Bloody lane. The name of the bridge where the confederates held the Yankees for 4 hours is called, Burnside. The south used rocks when they ran out of ammunition. Neither side won a clear victory, but the Union claimed victory,

Battle of Vicksburg Vicksburg, Mississippi At  the time of the Civil War, the Mississippi River was the single most important economic feature of the continent (main supply line). By taking control of the Mississippi River, the Union had split the Confederacy into two parts.

Emancipation Proclamation Delivered by President Lincoln on January 1, 1863. It freed the slaves only in states that had seceded from the Union. It did not free slaves in border states. 29

The Battle of Gettysburg, PA (Pennsylvania ) The battle of Gettysburg, PA took place on July 1-3, 1863. The North won this battle. Gettysburg is the largest battle in the history of the Western hemisphere. Turning point of the Civil War.

Gettysburg Address ….With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.” ----Abe Lincoln (2nd Inaugural Address)

Appomattox Court House Lee surrenders on April 9, 1865 at APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE Confederate troops forced to take an oath of loyalty to U.S. Picture Credit: http://www.26nc.org/PhotoGallery/CommandChangePhotos/McLeanHouseMusic.jpg