Volume 84, Issue 3, Pages 491-500 (September 2013) Effects of sevelamer treatment on cardiovascular abnormalities in mice with chronic renal failure  Julien Maizel, Isabelle Six, Sebastien Dupont, Edouard Secq, Benedicte Dehedin, Fellype C. Barreto, Joyce Benchitrit, Sabrina Poirot, Michel Slama, Christophe Tribouilloy, Gabriel Choukroun, Jean C. Mazière, Tilman B. Drueke, Ziad A. Massy  Kidney International  Volume 84, Issue 3, Pages 491-500 (September 2013) DOI: 10.1038/ki.2013.110 Copyright © 2013 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Changes in systolic aortic expansion rate (ESAo), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), Tei index, and left ventricle (LV) mass during the time of the experiment (white bars, baseline; gray bars, after 8 weeks of treatment; black bars, after 14 weeks of treatment). CRF, chronic renal failure. *P<0.05 versus baseline; **P<0.05 versus 14 weeks of treatment. Kidney International 2013 84, 491-500DOI: (10.1038/ki.2013.110) Copyright © 2013 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Relationships between echocardiographic findings and serum phosphate or fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) after 14 weeks of treatment. CRF, chronic renal failure; ESAo, systolic aortic expansion rate; IVRT, isovolumic relaxation time; LV, left ventricular. Kidney International 2013 84, 491-500DOI: (10.1038/ki.2013.110) Copyright © 2013 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Effects of chronic renal failure (CRF) and sevelamer on cell-cycle proteins. Western blot analysis showing the effects of CRF and sevelamer on the cardiac expression of (a) proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA; n=4–6 per group), (b) cyclin D2 (n=3–4 per group), and (c) p27 (n=4–5 per group). Kidney International 2013 84, 491-500DOI: (10.1038/ki.2013.110) Copyright © 2013 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Effects of sevelamer–HCl treatment and chronic renal failure (CRF) on aortic ring contraction induced by phenylephrine and relaxation induced by acetylcholine. NS, non-significant; *P<0.005 for the sham non-treated group versus the CRF non-treated group; **P<0.0001 for the sham non-treated group versus the CRF non-treated group; §P<0.05 for the CRF non-treated group versus the CRF sevelamer group; §§P<0.01 for the CRF non-treated group versus the CRF sevelamer group. Kidney International 2013 84, 491-500DOI: (10.1038/ki.2013.110) Copyright © 2013 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions