RNA

RNA – “ribonucleic acid” Organic Molecule: nucleic acid Building blocks: nucleotide Function: uses genetic information from DNA to make proteins Sugar: Ribose Shape: single-stranded

Types of RNA a. mRNA (messenger RNA) – made from DNA (transcription and translation) b. tRNA (transfer RNA) – carries amino acids from cytoplasm to the ribosome for protein synthesis (translation) c. rRNA (ribosomal RNA) – ribosomes

Transcription “DNA → mRNA”

Process of Transcription mRNA is made from DNA in the nucleus Pairing Rules Replicated DNA mRNA Adenine → Uracil Thymine → Adenine Cytosine → Guanine Guanine → Cytosine

Practice DNA TTA CGA CTA GGC GCT Comp. DNA mRNA DNA GGC TAT TCG GCA AAT

Translation “mRNA → protein”

TRANSLATION Making proteins from mRNA Occurs in the cytoplasm at the ribosome

Process of Translation Codon - 3 base pair from mRNA - ex) AUG tRNA - brings amino acid that has an anticodon which pairs to the codon from mRNA

Genetic Code a. used to TRANSLATE the codon to an amino acid b. Start codon - AUG (methionine) c. Stop codons - UAA, UAG, UGA

Genetic Code mRNA: AUG CGC GGC CCA UAU Translate:

Practice DNA: AAT CTA GGT CGT ATG GGG mRNA: Translate: