Unit 6 Reconstruction 1864-1877 Rebuilding of the South after the Civil War

Civil War → Reconstruction Pres. Abraham Lincoln inaugurated for second term on March 4, 1865 General Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865

John Wilkes Booth Pres. Lincoln shot by John Wilkes Booth on April 14, 1865 while watching a play at Ford’s Theater in Washington, DC

Andrew Johnson – 17th President of U.S. 1 term: 1865-1869 Republican Party 13th Amendment 14th Amendment

Reconstruction: 1864-1877 13th Amendment 14th Amendment Ended slavery Made former slaves citizens

Andrew Johnson – 17th President of U.S. Midterm election of 1866 disaster for Pres. Johnson Radical Republicans win majorities in Congress Passed several acts over Johnson’s veto

Andrew Johnson – 17th President of U.S. Impeached by House of Representatives on Feb. 24, 1868 Senate found him not guilty One vote short of 2/3 majority

Ulysses S. Grant – 18th President of U.S. 2 terms: 1869-1877 Republican Party 15th Amendment

Reconstruction: 1864-1877 15th Amendment Gave former slaves right to vote (men only)

Reconstruction: 1864-1877 Carpetbaggers Scalawags Sharecroppers Ku Klux Klan

Reconstruction: 1864-1877 By 1872, most former Confederates were again allowed to vote By late 1870s, conservative whites had regained control of the South Northerners grew weary of trying to change the South Time to let Southerners run their own government again, even if African Americans lose rights gained Government of the Southern states was once again in the hands of the Southerners

End of Reconstruction Election of 1876 Samuel Tilden – Democratic candidate Won popular vote One electoral vote short of number needed to win election Rutherford B. Hayes – Republican candidate Promised to end Reconstruction Selected by Congress to be President

Rutherford B. Hayes – 19th President of U.S. 1 term: 1877-1881 Republican Party Removed remaining Federal troops from the South

End of Reconstruction Southern white conservatives use violence to keep African Americans from voting Voting restrictions in Southern states Poll taxes Literacy tests Grandfather clauses

End of Reconstruction Segregation became law of the South Jim Crow laws Laws separating whites and blacks 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court said segregation was legal if facilities were equal

End of Reconstruction Laws passed during Reconstruction (such as 14th Amendment) became basis of civil rights movement almost 100 years later