Transformations in Teaching Adapting to Adaptivity Transformations in Teaching and Learning Southeast Digital Learning Forum UNC Charlotte, February 2019 Dale P. Johnson Director, Adaptive Learning Initiatives

The future is already here – it's just not evenly distributed. William Gibson 1993

Your Guide on this adaptive adventure Biology Chemistry College Algebra College Math Economics General Science History Physics Psychology 2013 2019 Dale P. Johnson Director, Adaptive Learning Initiatives, Arizona State University

INSIGHT Why do we need adaptive courseware? Who needs help? College Mathematics course INSIGHT What’s the best way to help? What do they need help with? Who needs help? What does that mean? What does it look like in practice? Progress based on performance not semester schedule.

Why do we need adaptive courseware? ATTENTION

TRANSFORMATION Why do we need adaptive courseware? Mass Personalization Mass Production Mass Personalization Mass Production Mass Production Mass Personalization TRANSFORMATION Entertainment (albums to iPod) Navigation (maps to GPS) Transportation (taxis to Uber) EDUCATION (lecture to adaptive learning systems)

What does that mean for our future? Mass Personalization Mass Production Right Student Same Lesson All Students Same Time Adaptive systems will allow us to do mass personalization Right Time Right Lesson

How can we address those challenges? Bloom’s Taxonomy Active Learning in class Adaptive Learning before class

How does this adaptive+active approach work in practice? 1. ACQUIRE INFO Read textbook, watch video, do simulation, etc. 2. ASSESS Do practice problems, take quiz before class Prove Participate Prepare ADAPTIVE SYSTEM ACTIVE CLASS 4. ASSIMILATE Write essay, solve problems, take quiz, etc. 3. APPLY Solve problems and collaborate with classmates.

How can faculty use this approach? Prove Participate Prepare Exam Scientific Method Biodiversity Body Systems Energy Physiology Evolution Biology and Society Photosynthesis Genetics and DNA Lab

What results have we had at ASU? Introduction to Biology (Fall 2015 implemented CogBooks) Same instructor, curriculum and assessment

What results have we had at ASU? Microeconomics (Fall 2017 implemented Cengage Learning Objects) Same instructor, curriculum and assessment

What results have we had at ASU? College Algebra (Fall 2016 implemented McGraw Hill ALEKS) Same instructors, curriculum and assessments.

What about results for different demographic groups? College Algebra AY 2016-17 increases in success rates among all groups

How are adaptive systems different? Static Dynamic Personalized - Content Common LMS ADAPTIVE - Lesson Plan Fixed Variable Individual - Presentation Group

3 Rs How do the systems help students? Respect their prior knowledge Respond to their learning needs Reduce gaps in their understanding Personalize 3 Rs

3 Ms How do the systems help faculty? Monitor which students need assistance Measure curriculum performance Maximize course outcomes 3 Ms Tracking

What is adapting to the student? Lesson sequence Content selection Algorithm (analytics) – recommendations Assessment – rapid remediation Association – lesson relationships Agency – student chooses What is guiding the adaptation?

How are the Lessons sequenced? Lesson Chart (or Knowledge Map, Skill Graph, etc.) Basic Math Algebra Calculus Course Configuration Lesson 1 L-2 L-5 L-7 L-x L-4 L-3 L-6

How is Content adapting to the student? Content (or Resource, Material, Text, Video, Exercise, Problem, etc.) Learning Loop Lesson #1 Lesson X Algorithm Assessment Association Agency Content Algorithm Assessment Association Agency Content Algorithm Assessment Association Agency

How do students experience Lesson adaptivity? Lesson Library Lesson Instructional Materials Practice Problems Assessment Instruments Algorithm Assessment Association Agency Student Lesson Objective Assessments Content Lesson Instructional Materials Practice Problems Assessment Instruments Lesson Objective Content Assessments Content

What does adaptivity look like to a student? Vendors use a mix of the different techniques: Algorithm Assessment Association Agency Agency How well did you understand The Nature of Energy? I didn’t understand I completely understood Algorithm We recommend the following content: Association These may also help: Assessment

How are these techniques implemented? Personalized Lesson Sequence (Algorithm, Association, Agency) Lesson 1 L-3 L-5 L-4 L-6 L-7 L-x L-2 Personalized Lesson Sequence Lesson 1 L-3 L-5 L-4 L-6 L-7 L-x L-2 Personalized Lesson Sequence Content Customization Rapid Remediation Personalized Review

How are these techniques implemented? Rapid Remediation (Assessment) Lesson 1 L-2 L-5 L-7 L-x L-4 L-3 L-6

How are these techniques implemented? Content Customization (Algorithm, Assessment, Agency) Lesson #5 Lesson 1 L-2 Content Library Content Video A Video B L-3 Algorithm Assessment Agency

How are these techniques implemented? Personalized Review (Algorithm, Assessment) Lesson 1 L-3 L-5 L-4 L-6 L-7 L-x L-2 Lesson 1 L-3 L-5 L-4 L-6 L-7 L-x L-2 L-1 L-3 L-5 L-4 L-6 L-7 L-x L-2 Adaptive Test Prep Review materials in: Lesson 3 (quiz score 69%) Lesson 4 (quiz score 58%) Lesson 7 (quiz score 72%)

How can we make this dream a reality? Faculty Technologists Vendor Personnel Instructional Designers Faculty Technologists Vendor Personnel Instructional Designers Faculty Technologists Vendor Personnel Instructional Designers Faculty Technologists Vendor Personnel Instructional Designers Graphic Designers Librarians Others? Video Producers Graphic Designers Librarians Others? Video Producers Graphic Designers Librarians Leaders Video Producers Graphic Designers Librarians Others? Video Producers Ed tech is a team sport, so plan accordingly.

WE ARE HERE! What does the future hold for adaptive systems? Where are we in the personalization process? The systems are scaling up rapidly. WE ARE HERE!

The best way to predict the future is to invent it. Alan Kay 1982

Thank You for paying attention! Dale Johnson Dale.Johnson@asu.edu 480-884-1927