Warm-up What happens in mitosis? Today’s Objective:

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Presentation transcript:

Warm-up What happens in mitosis? Today’s Objective: I understand the difference between mitosis and meiosis Homework: mitosis and meiosis graphic organizer

Mitosis/Meiosis

MITOSIS 2N 2N 2N ALL CELLS AND DNA IDENTICAL

Mitosis Occurs in Somatic (body) cells Used in growth & repair of body cells, Asexual reproduction

Starts with Parent cell – (Diploid - 2N) – has both sets of chromosomes Ends with 2 identical daughter cells (diploid)

Cells will turn into this Daughter cells will turn into fully functional body cells (liver cells, muscle cells, etc.)

Chromosome Number Stay the same (46 chromosomes in humans)

Genetic material Stays the same (identical)

Problems Uncontrolled growth or division causes cancer

4 NEW GENETICALLY DIFFERENT CELLS Meiosis 2N Division I Division II 1N 1N 1N 1N 4 NEW GENETICALLY DIFFERENT CELLS

Meiosis Occurs in Gametes (sex cells) Used in Sexual reproduction

Starts with Diploid cell (2N)

Ends with 4 Haploid (1N) cells – 1 set of chromosomes Called a Reduction division (2N to 1N)

Cells will turn into this Males – 4 sperm Females – 1 egg and 3 polar bodies

Chromosome Number Divides in half (46 to 23 chromosomes) Sperm (23) and egg (23) combine to form a zygote (46) during fertilization This ensures chromosome # is right

Genetic material Genetic Variation caused by crossing over – chromatids overlap, break apart, and reattach to form new combinations of DNA

Problems Zygotes with wrong chromosome # usually will not survive

Mitosis Meiosis Purpose Growth,Repair Sexual Reproduction Chromosome # 2N to 2N 2N to 1N # of cells produced 2 4 # of divisions 1 Genetic Material Stays the same Variation in gametes Where it occurs Somatic cells Gametes

Meiosis Animation http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter28/animation__how_meiosis_works.html

DIPLOID REDUCTION

HAPLOID HAPLOID DIVISION

Sperm and Egg Development What types of chromosomes Are in there?

Genetic Variation

http://highered. mcgraw-hill http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__comparison_of_meiosis_and_mitosis__quiz_1_.html http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter28/animation__how_meiosis_works.html http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter28/animation__stages_of_meiosis.html