doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2005 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Enhanced COBI-16 with Offset QPSK for 802.15.4b High Rate Alt-PHY] Date Submitted: [13 Mar, 2004] Source: [Francois Chin, Yuen-Sam Kwok, Lei Zhongding] Company: [Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore] Address: [21 Heng Mui Keng Terrace, Singapore 119613] Voice: [65-6874-5687] FAX: [65-6774-4990] E-Mail: [chinfrancois@i2r.a-star.edu.sg] Re: [Response to the call for proposal of IEEE 802.15.4b, Doc Number: 15-04-0239-00-004b] Abstract: [This presentation compares all proposals for the IEEE802.15.4b PHY standard.] Purpose: [Proposal to IEEE 802.15.4b Task Group] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R) <author>, <company>

March 2005 Motivation It is desirable choose a code sequences that will lead to efficient transmission and low implementation complexity. In particular, it should: Avoid spikes in frequency spectrum Simplify correlation operations Enable simple frequency offset and DC compensation Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

March 2005 Motivation As such, it is desirable that the code sequences have the following properties: All sequences contain an equal number of ones and zeros in total All sequences contain an equal number of ones and zeros in the even numbered chips (I phase) All sequences contain an equal number of ones and zeros in the odd numbered chips (Q phase) Total phase rotation in I / Q plane accumulates to 0 degree over the complete symbol The first 8 symbols are shifted versions of each other The last 8 symbols have inverted odd numbered chips (Q phase); when compared to the 8 first symbols, have the exact inverted baseband phase Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Motivation The COBI-32 code sequences satisfy all the 6 requirements. March 2005 Motivation The COBI-32 code sequences satisfy all the 6 requirements. Challenge: Can we find a shorter 16-chip code sequences that give better bandwidth and, at the same time, satisfy all the 6 requirements? Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

March 2005 YES!! Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Proposed Symbol-to-Chip Mapping (Enhanced 16-chip COBI Code Set ω16) March 2005 Proposed Symbol-to-Chip Mapping (Enhanced 16-chip COBI Code Set ω16) Decimal Value Binary Symbol Chip Value 0000 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 (Root – 3E25) 1 1000 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0100 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 3 1100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 0010 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 5 1010 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 6 0110 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 7 1110 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 8 0001 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 9 1001 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 10 0101 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 11 1101 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 12 0011 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 13 1011 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 14 0111 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 15 1111 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 The sequences are related to each other through cyclic shifts and/or conjugation (i.e., inversion of odd-indexed chip values) Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

March 2005 COBI-16 Sequences ω16 The proposed code set satisfy all 6 requirements!!! Another Root Sequence, with identical performance, is also found through exhaustive search: [1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0] (Root – A47C) Which is a direct left-right flip of previous root sequence IN FACT, other base sequence can be established by Any combination of cyclic shifts, bit inversion & sequence flips of the base sequence (3E25 hex) Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

TX PSD (915 MHz), RBW = 16 kHz March 2005 Meet Mask Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

TX PSD (915 MHz), RBW = 100 kHz March 2005 Meet Mask Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.2, RBW = 16 kHz March 2005 TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.2, RBW = 16 kHz Meet ETSI Mask Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.2, RBW = 100 kHz March 2005 TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.2, RBW = 100 kHz Meet ETSI Mask Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.2, RBW = 16 kHz March 2005 TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.2, RBW = 16 kHz Not Meet ETSI Mask Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.6, RBW = 16 kHz March 2005 TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.6, RBW = 16 kHz Not Meet ETSI Mask Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.6, RBW = 16 kHz March 2005 TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.6, RBW = 16 kHz Not Meet ETSI Mask Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.2, 16-Tap @ 4x sampling March 2005 TX PSD (868 MHz) Roll-off = 0.2, 16-Tap @ 4x sampling To meet ESTI mask with 40ppm crystal, small roll-off factor 0.2 has to be employed The proposed tap weights are: Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

March 2005 EVM Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Preamble structure is the same as of 15.4 standard: March 2005 Preamble Structure Preamble structure is the same as of 15.4 standard: Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Auto-correlation of un-modulated COBI-16 March 2005 Auto-correlation of un-modulated COBI-16 Snapshot Of Normalized Correlation Values with 6 octet as example Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Cross-correlation of Enhanced COBI-16 March 2005 Cross-correlation of Enhanced COBI-16 There is a performance cost to pay for this quasi-orthogonality as compared to another orthogonal code, like DSSS Let’s quantify the loss… Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Simulation models –PER calculated on 20 bytes PPDUs with preamble; March 2005 Simulation models Discrete exponential channel model –-Sampled version of diffuse channel model offer by Paul with 4x sampling rate; –PER calculated on 20 bytes PPDUs with preamble; Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

System Performance Simulation parameters & assumptions: March 2005 System Performance Simulation parameters & assumptions: Flat fading & 250ns rms delay spread Rayleigh Channel model O-QPSK modulation + half sine pulse + Transmit filtering Raised cosine (roll-off = 0.2) 20 octets in each packet 20,000 packets for Monte-Carlo simulation Sync + SFD error taken into account 2x oversampling Non-coherent demodulation Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

868 MHz AWGN (Non-coherent) March 2005 868 MHz AWGN (Non-coherent) Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

915 MHz AWGN (Non-coherent) March 2005 915 MHz AWGN (Non-coherent) Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Non-Coherent Receiver (with Tx Filter r=0.2) March 2005 Non-Coherent Receiver (with Tx Filter r=0.2) Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Synchronisation False Alarm (915 MHz Band) March 2005 Synchronisation False Alarm (915 MHz Band) Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Synchronisation Miss Detection (915 MHz Band) March 2005 Synchronisation Miss Detection (915 MHz Band) Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Synchronisation False Alarm (868 MHz Band) March 2005 Synchronisation False Alarm (868 MHz Band) Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Synchronisation Miss Detection (868 MHz Band) March 2005 Synchronisation Miss Detection (868 MHz Band) Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)

Summary enhanced COBI-16 can satisfy the stated 6 criteria that will March 2005 Summary enhanced COBI-16 can satisfy the stated 6 criteria that will Avoid spikes in frequency spectrum Simplify correlation operations Enable simple frequency offset and DC compensation Francois Chin, Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)