What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form? Chemistry

What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form? Day 1 Introduction

Stability in Bonding Notes Why do chemical bonds form? Stability in Bonding Notes A. Some elements combine chemically and no longer have the same properties they did before forming the compound.

Why do chemical bonds form? B. A chemical formula is composed of symbols and subscripts indicating the number of atoms of an element in a compound. Ex. H2O

Why do chemical bonds form? Compounds C. Atoms form compounds when the compound is more stable than the separate atoms

Why do chemical bonds form? Compounds Noble gases are more chemically stable b/c they have a complete outer energy level. Stable elements have 8 electrons in their outer energy level.

Why do chemical bonds form? What is a bond? Elements that do not have a full outer energy level are more stable in compounds. They lose, gain, or share electrons to get a stable outer energy level A chemical bond is the force that holds atoms together.

What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form? Day 2 Daily

Copper chloride + Water How are ionic and covalent bonds different? Let’s reflect on yesterdays lab: Baking soda + Vinegar NaHCO3 + HC2H3O2 --> H2O + CO2 + NaC2H3O2 Copper chloride + Water CuCl2 + H2O --> ______________ Why is the first one a chemical reaction???

What is an Ion? How are ionic and covalent bonds different? A charged particle that has more or less electrons than protons. If an atom loses an electron -- POSITIVE ION If an atom gains an electron -- NEGATIVE ION Superscripts indicate these changes (O2-) Ex: Potassium loses an electron so the ion is K1+ Iodine gains an electron so ion the is I1-

Ions combine in Ionic Bonds How are ionic and covalent bonds different? Ions combine in Ionic Bonds When ions bond together, they form compounds. The result of the ionic bond is a neutral compound. (no charge) Usually formed by bonding of metals and nonmetals

Ionic Bond Example MgCl2 Mg loses 2 electrons (Mg2+) How are ionic and covalent bonds different? Ionic Bond Example MgCl2 Mg loses 2 electrons (Mg2+) Cl gains 1 electron (Cl1-) Draw MgCl2

How are ionic and covalent bonds different? Molecules are neutral particles formed when electrons are shared. Single bond - 2 shared electrons (H2O) Multiple bond - 4 or 6 electrons shared (N2) Formed by nonmetals and nonmetals

How are ionic and covalent bonds different? Dot Diagrams H2O NaCl

What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form? Day 3 Daily

Why do chemical equations need balancing? EQ: How do you balance a chemical equation? Why do chemical equations need balancing? Make H2O using the atoms from the kit. Yellow is hydrogen and red is oxygen. Make an H2 and an O2. Does H2 + O2 = H2O? Explain Make a balanced equation using the model….extra points for the group that gets it first.

What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form? Day 4 Daily

Parts of a Chemical Equation How do you balance chemical equations? Parts of a Chemical Equation Cl2 + 2 NaBr → Br2 + 2 NaCl Chemical Symbols - Represent the elements involved Chemical Formulas - Represent the compounds involved. Subscripts - Identify the number of atoms of each element in a chemical formula or symbol. Reactants - Present before the reaction Products - Produced in the reaction Coefficients - the numbers in front of the chemical formulas or symbols that are used to balance the equation. Arrow - means “yields”, “produces”, or “react to produce”

What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form? Day 5 Daily

Balance and Reaction Type What information can you obtain from a chemical equation? Balance and Reaction Type __ Na + __ Cl2 → __ NaCl __ NaCl → __ Na + __ Cl2 __ HCl + __ NaOH → __ HOH + __ NaCl __ Cl2 + __ NaBr → __ Br2 + __ NaCl __ C2H6 + __ O2 → __ CO2 + __ H2O

Balance and Identify the following Chemical Reactions What information can you obtain from a chemical equation? Balance and Identify the following Chemical Reactions 2 Na + Cl2 → 2 NaCl 2 NaCl → 2 Na + Cl2 HCl + NaOH → HOH + NaCl Cl2 + 2 NaBr → Br2 + 2 NaCl 2 C2H6 + 7 O2 → 4 CO2 + 6 H2O

Law of Conservation of Mass What information can you obtain from a chemical equation? Law of Conservation of Mass Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction! The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products

Decomposition Reaction How do you identify the type of chemical reaction? Decomposition Reaction aka “The Don Massey - ‘I think it is time I should be moving on’” reaction / The Break up Reaction The Opposite of a Synthesis Reaction AB → A + B compound → 2 elements or compounds H2O → H2 + O2 NaOH → Na2O + H2O NaClO3 → O2 + NaCl

How do you identify the type of chemical reaction? Synthesis Reaction aka “The Don Massey - ‘I think you & I should start dating’” reaction / The Dating Reaction A + B → AB 2 elements or compounds → compound H2 + O2 → H2O

Single Displacement Reaction How do you identify the type of chemical reaction? Single Displacement Reaction aka “The Don Massey - ‘I’m gonna sweet talk you out of dating your boyfriend’” reaction A+ BC → B + AC A + BC → C + BA An element replaces an element in a compound Zn + 2 HCl → H2 + ZnCl2 F2 + 2 HCl → Cl2 + 2 HF

How do you identify the type of chemical reaction? Combustion Reaction aka “The Don Massey - ‘I’m gonna light your world on fire’” reaction C?H? + O2 → CO2 + H2O An organic substance + O2 → CO2 + H2O C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

Double Displacement Reaction How do you identify the type of chemical reaction? Double Displacement Reaction aka “The Don Massey ‘I’ve got to make happy all the ladies in this room.’” reaction AB + CD → CB + AD 2 compounds → 2 Compounds K2CrO4 + Pb(NO3)2 → 2 KNO3 + PbCrO4