TYPES OF SENTENCES ACCORDING TO MEANING TYPES OF SENTENCES ACCORDING TO STRUCTURE

A SENTENCE: AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE A COMPLETE THOUGHT A sentence must have a subject (noun/pronoun) and a predicate (action verb or linking verb). Elvira really did it this time. Did Elvie really drink all Mrs. E’s Dr. Peppers? Fragment – an incomplete thought Because I was really very thirsty. Run-On- independent clauses without a break I was worn out from cleaning the cat litter box, I had to have something to drink. (comma splice)

Another way to describe a sentence is to compare it to a bike…

But most of the time our ideas include more details But most of the time our ideas include more details. We add extra words to the wheels. The neighborhood children play basketball at the community center. Students in the biology lab studied cells under an electron microscope. The driver realized immediately that he had missed the exit.

ACCORDING TO MEANING Declarative: statement / period Interrogative: question/ question mark Imperative: command/ period or exclamation mark Exclamatory: strong emotions / exclamation mark Wilber stopped eating all my Cheetos. Wilber, did you feed all my Cheetos to the goats in the yard? Wilber! Get yourself in here right now! Yikes! How did you do that!

Subjects and predicates connect directly Subjects and predicates connect directly. Do not separate them with a comma. Incorrect: Carlos and his family, showed me that honor is more important than winning. Correct: Carlos and his family showed me that honor is more important than winning.

SENTENCE STRUCTURE SIMPLE: INDEPENDENT CLAUSE 1 subject + 1 predicate (can be compound) used for emphasis gives the reader simple information more direct Mrs. Miles yelled for Mrs. Elliott to stop singing so loudly. Mrs. Miles and Mrs. White yelled for Mrs. Elliott to stop singing so loudly. Mrs. Miles and Mrs. White yelled and hollered for Mrs. Elliott to stop singing so loudly.

COMPOUND SENTENCE: TWO OR MORE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES Connections FANBOYS + comma Semicolon ; ;Conjunctive Adverb, (however, therefore, nevertheless, moreover,) Harry Potter smacked Ron on the shoulder, and Hermine swatted him on the arm. Harry Potter smacked Ron on the backside; Hermine swatted him on the arm. Harry Potter smacked Ron on the backside; as a result, Hermine swatted him on the arm.

Practice Time: Simple or Compound I may seem calm to you, inside I’m really quite nervous. I may seem calm to you, but inside I’m really quite nervous. CD The marching band won a top rating at the state band contest. Simple Suzanne practices acrobatics every night after school. I was nervous about asking Marcia to dance therefore I stumbled on my way across the room. I was nervous about asking Marcia to dance; therefore, I stumbled on my way across the room.

COMPLEX SENTENCE 1 Independent Clause + 1 or more Subordinate Clauses When the subordinate clause comes at the beginning, use a comma. Dracula is very grouchy and thirsty when he is awakened before 5AM. After the sun comes up, Dracula will turn to dust. Will someone please grab the Pledge and clean this guy up so we can go to the movies?

PRACTICE TIME INDEPENDENT & SUBORDINATE CLAUSES Because Fred has a doctor’s appointment, Stan won’t be at practice today. Because Fred has a doctor’s appointment – SUB / Stan …today - IND 2. I can go to the movies with you; however, I must be home by curfew. I…you – IND I… curfew – IND 3. Did Luke tell you when he will leave on Saturday morning? Did…you – IND when…morning? - SUB 4. Mr. Hefley will probably ask us who the president was in 1968. Mr. Hefley…us – IND who… 1968- SUB

SIMPLE, COMPOUND, OR COMPLEX THAT IS THE QUESTION? Caleb and Belvy will conduct a chemistry experiment today, and we will watch out! Compound– , and Although Katie had the flu, the rest of the class performed the play well. Complex – Although Katie had the flu, Miss Tatum assigned the class a very difficult paper to write! Simple – one subject and one predicate The Peaster cross-country team racked up all the ribbons at the district meet, and the school displayed them proudly. Compound - , and The Peaster…. meet the---proudly

COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE 2 or more Independent Clauses + 1 or more Subordinate Clauses Ulysses S. Grant was racing his favorite horse around Washington D.C., and a policeman gave him a speeding ticket after he caught up with him.

IT’S PRACTICE TIME! 1. Lauren and Jerome will set up for the meeting and the rest of us will clean up later. 2. Because our history class will be at the museum I’ll miss the Spanish quiz but I’ll take it after school. 3. Herman has been saving his money for six months to go to Washington D.C. 4. The dance committee and the freshman class will decorate the gym and sell tickets. 5. The pool where we swim is full of flesh-eating bacteria! 6. After we paint the scenery Saturday we will set it up on the stage however the cast won’t rehearse onstage until Monday.