Setting up notebooks and biomolecules

Setting up your science notebook On the front cover write: Your name (first and last) Biology 1st semester Your class period

Setting up your science notebook Title the first page Table of Contents On the far left write “date” In the middle write “title” On the par right write “page #” Table of Contents Date Title Page #

Setting up your science notebook Skip one page This will be used for more Table of Contents Start numbering only the right hand pages in the upper right hand corner Number at least 25 of them

Setting up your science notebook In your table on contents write: Glue or tape in your syllabus Make sure you only put a little bit of glue on the top so you can see both the front and the back Date Title Page # 8/31 Syllabus 1

Setting up your science notebook On the inside of the back cover of your notebook glue or tape in the info for how to log on to the online text book

Setting up your science notebook In your Table of Contents Take the Vocab sheet and glue it on page 2 Make sure you only put a little bit of glue on the top so you can see both the front and the back Date Title Page # 8/31 Syllabus 1 Vocab 1-1 2

Biomolecules Title page 3 Biomolecules On the first line write: Table of Contents Title page 3 Biomolecules On the first line write: EQ: What are the structures and functions of the molecules necessary for life? Date Title Page # 8/31 Syllabus 1 Vocab 1-1 2 Biomolecules 3

Biomolecules https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNjQishYOy0 What is this advertisement saying? Why does it matter what you eat/drink?

Biomolecules On the left hand page for page 3 draw this table: Make sure you leave room to answer the questions in the table! A Elements 2. Shape 3. How is A different from B? B 3. How is B different from C? C 3. How is C different from D? D 3. How is D different from A?

Biomolecule Pictures You will look at the 4 pictures at your lab table and answer the questions about them in the table in your notebook At first just answer the 1st 2 questions. You will answer the 3rd question for all boxes after you have seen all of the pictures You have 10 minutes to look at all 4 pictures and answer all of the questions Expectations: Go to assigned lab station Answer the questions Talk only with the people in your group Raise your hand if you have any questions

Exploring Biomolecules On page 3, underneath where you wrote the essential question (EQ), you will answer the questions on the worksheet in your notebook Both of the worksheets are class sets Please do NOT write on them Either write the question down or write in a complete sentence answering the question You can work in partners on this

Taking Notes We will be doing Cornell style notes The question at the top of the slide will go on the left hand page The content on that slide will go on the right hand page next to the question I know that sounds kind of weird… You will get the hang of it, I promise

What are the 2 major types of molecules? Organic Contain a carbon – hydrogen bond Ex: biomolecules Inorganic Do not contain a carbon-hydrogen bond Ex: water, carbon dioxide

What is a biomolecule? atoms molecules cells Biomolecules – molecules produced by living organisms Vital to life Molecules are the second level of organization atoms molecules cells

What are biomolecules made from? Small molecules are called monomers Mono = ONE Small pieces or Subunits of biomolecules Building block Monomers link together to form polymers Poly = MANY Polymers = macromolecules A bunch of building blocks together

Question Is the chain a monomer or polymer? Is this a monomer or a polymer?

What are the 4 major types of biomolecules? Carbohydrates – sugars and starches Lipids – fats, oils, and steroids Proteins – structural materials, enzymes, antibodies Nucleic Acids – RNA and DNA

What is the structure of Carbohydrates? Made of C, H, O in a 1:2:1 ratio ex:C6H12O6 End in – “ose” Examples: Monosaccharides One sugar = glucose Disaccharides 2 monosaccharides = glucose + glucose Created by dehydration synthesis = putting together by removing water Polysaccharides Long chain on repeating sugar units Joined by dehydration synthesis Sugar polymer Glucose

What is the function of Carbohydrates? Primary source of energy for animals Quick energy Supports cell wall structure in plants

What are examples of carbohydrates? Bread Pasta Sugar Grains

Practice Carbohydrates include all of the following types EXCEPT Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides Polypeptides

Practice Each of the following is a function of carbohydrates except Short term energy storage Structural component of cell walls Provides fiber in our diet Speeds up chemical reactions

What is the structure of Lipids? Made up of C-H-O in a different ratio than carbs More C, H, less O Non-polar – insoluble in water Combination of fatty acids and glycerol

What is the function of Lipids? Serves as energy storage Plants: oil in seeds Animals: fat under the skin Secondary energy source Provides insulations and protection for internal organs Make the cell membrane

What are examples of Lipids? Fat Oil Wax

Practice Carbohydrates and lipids are similar in that Both are composed of monosaccharides Both are important for storing energy Both dissolve readily in water Both are important as hormones and steroids

Practice The polymer incorrectly paired with its monomer(s) is Carbohydrates are composed of monosaccharides Proteins are composed of amino acids Lipids are composed of polysaccharides Nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides

Practice This structure in the diagram is classified as a Nucleic acid Carbohydrate Protein lipid

Practice Which of these structures provides long term energy storage? B C D

What is the structure of Proteins? Made up of C, H, O, N and a R group Monomer = amino acids Attach via peptide bonds to form proteins Proteins are polymers Polypeptides fold and twist into proteins amino acid dipeptide polypeptide protein

What is the function of proteins? Strength Support Repair Structure Enzymes – speed up reactions Antibodies – fight off infection Hormones

What are some examples of Proteins? Meat Milk eggs

What is the structure of nucleic acids? Made up of C, O, H, N, P Long polymers made up of nucleotides Nucleotides are made up of nitrogen base, phosphate group and a sugar

What is the function of nucleic acids? Store genetic information Make up blue print for life Helps to build proteins Store information for cellular activity

What are examples of nucleic acids? DNA RNA

Check for Understanding Answer on a clean sheet of paper (you will be turning this in) Identify which biomolecule is used by living organisms as their primary source of energy Give the function and one example of a nucleic acid Distinguish between monomers and polymers Give the monomer for Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids proteins