Simplified model of cardiorespiratory control showing coupling between respiratory and cardiovascular systems. τ: circulatory delay; ILV: instantaneous.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
How does exercise immediately affect the circulatory system
Advertisements

Cardiorespiratory System Health Mrs. Jones.  The heart has the following characteristics:  4 chambers  Size of a fist  Located just beneath the sternum.
Echocardiography view
Measured values of a) inspiratory volume, b) PEEP, c) FIO2 and d) respiratory rate delivered to a test lung by several devices in four intensive care units.
Mouth pressure (Pmo), flow rate and mean arterial blood pressure (Pa) data during a single lung volume recruitment manoeuvre in representative subjects.
Rigid instruments for medical thoracoscopy: a) trocar and cannula with valve; b) single-incision thoracoscope (9-mm diameter); c) biopsy forceps with straight.
Computed tomography simulation of medical thoracoscopy with rigid instruments (right thoracic cavity in left lateral position). Computed tomography simulation.
Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) results in the RECOVER trial.
ECG: electrocardiogram; PFT: pulmonary function testing; Dlco: diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; BGA: blood gas analysis; HRCT: high-resolution.
Decision tree of the FALLS protocol.
Walter J. Scott, M.D., Bruce L. Gewertz, M.D. 
Results from a recent bench test of 13 noninvasive ventilators using a computer-controlled active patient simulator. a) Proportion of the preset tidal.
Orthostatic function and the cardiovascular response to early mobilization after breast cancer surgery  R.G. Müller, M. Bundgaard-Nielsen, H. Kehlet 
The effect of sequential addition of sildenafil to first-line epoprostenol on exercise capacity measured using 6-min walk distance (6MWD) in the PACES.
Masashi Maeda et al. Heart Asia 2013;5:7-14
Integrated research framework, bounded by population and ecology of care axes running from highly selected to managed care populations (Y-axis) and from.
REVEAL pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) risk score.
Risk of bias summary for Cochrane review comparing pMDI and spacer to nebulisers to deliver β2-agonists to adults and children with acute asthma. Risk.
Forest plot showing the number of adults (at the top) and children (lower down) who were admitted to hospital after treatment in the emergency department.
Pharmacokinetics and haemodynamics of ketamine in intensive care patients with brain or spinal cord injury  Y. Hijazi, C. Bodonian, M. Bolon, F. Salord,
Extent of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated ILD. A simple stratification that utilises pulmonary function.
Chest radiograph images
D. Jee, D. Lee, S. Yun, C. Lee  British Journal of Anaesthesia 
Effect of fibrinolysis on the empyema cavity size after VATS and open surgery. Effect of fibrinolysis on the empyema cavity size after VATS and open surgery.
Control computed tomography of the nodular lesion in the right upper lobe after 3 months. a) Axial mediastinal window, b) axial lung window and c) coronal.
A) Experimental system to carry out a bench test of noninvasive ventilators. a) Experimental system to carry out a bench test of noninvasive ventilators.
Association between cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on mortality. Association between.
Average mean arterial pressure (Pa) during lung volume recruitment (LVR) in (a) the respiratory muscle weakness (RMW) group and (b) the control group.
Relationship between exercise mPAP and cardiac output.
3-year survival of lung cancer patients in the general population and in those with a prior diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Simplified REVEAL (Registry to Evaluate Early And Long-term PAH Disease Management) risk score. Simplified REVEAL (Registry to Evaluate Early And Long-term.
Flow chart of the 1683 study members at age 60–64 years by hypertension (HT) status. Flow chart of the 1683 study members at age 60–64 years by hypertension.
A) Total Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) score over 12 months after treatment with bronchial thermoplasty (BT) in the per protocol population.
A)Standardised mortality ratios for chronic bronchitis in men and women (1968–1978) and b) infant mortality from bronchitis and pneumonia per 1000 births.
(A) ROC for the prediction of 5-year mortality in unoperated significant MR. AUCs and corresponding p values are shown for lateral annulus E/E′ (AUC=0.69,
Survival in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension based on aetiology. •: congenital heart disease; ▪: collagen vascular disease; ▵: HIV-related;
When we compared cardiac volumes (ED and ES) between those with high BNP levels (BNP >400 pg/mL) and low BNP (
A) Measurement of the right atrial a) area and b) long axis for calculation of right atrial volume. c) Measurement of the left ventricular eccentricity.
Severe exacerbations and emergency department (ED) visits in the 5 years after bronchial thermoplasty (BT). a) Proportion of subjects with severe exacerbations.
Proportion of patients in each World Health Organization functional class (WHO-FC) at the time of pulmonary arterial hypertension-associated systemic sclerosis.
The first Bedside Assessment, Stabilisation and Initial Cardiorespiratory Support (BASICS) prototype (by PW in April 2011, reprinted with his permission).
Effects of remifentanil on cardiovascular and bispectral index responses to endotracheal intubation in severe pre-eclamptic patients undergoing Caesarean.
A pump function graph demonstrating mean right ventricular pressure as a function of stroke volume (SV). A pump function graph demonstrating mean right.
Unadjusted means by smoking status
Exposure to intermittent hypoxia after 13 nights led to an increase in sympathetic activity measured by muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). Exposure.
Results of classification and regression tree analysis in patients with pulmonary hypertension-sickle cell disease. Results of classification and regression.
(A): Five-year mortality in unoperated patients with severe MR with E/E′≥15 was significantly higher compared with patients with E/E′
Relationship between the Respiratory System & the Circulatory System
Mean pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) with 95% CI error bars and individual data points at rest breathing room air (baseline), during 20 min.
Distribution of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) in relation to functional class (FC) for congenital heart disease patients with a) atrial septal.
Algorithm for haemodynamic evaluation in the elderly.
Lung function adjusted for body length and gestational age in male and female premature infants. Lung function adjusted for body length and gestational.
Correlation between inspiratory capacity (IC)/total lung capacity (TLC) ratio and oxygen pulse at peak exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Effects of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (Ppcw) and stroke volume (SV) on systolic (s), diastolic (d) and mean (m) pulmonary arterial pressures (Ppa).
The European population from 1950 to 2050, with estimated population before 2006 (light background) and projected population (dark background). The European.
The gas/tissue ratio, an index of alveolar inflation in normal lung (n=14), supine (□) and prone (○) position, and lung of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Bench test setting for automatic continuous positive airway pressure (APAP) devices. a) System to simulate the breathing pattern and airway obstructions.
A) Operating lung volumes and b) breathing frequency (Fb) during incremental cycle exercise in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
24-h blood pressure profile after a, d) one night of intermittent hypoxia (IH) exposure, b, e) 13 nights IH exposure and c, f) 5 days after cessation of.
Pulmonary artery pressure in a) healthy subjects and b) pulmonary hypertension (PH) subjects. Pulmonary artery pressure in a) healthy subjects and b) pulmonary.
Interventional bronchoscopic and surgical treatments for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Interventional bronchoscopic and surgical treatments.
Mean change from baseline in percentage predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) in the a) phase III CAPACITY [27] and b) ASCEND [14] studies. #: n=174; ¶:
Baseline New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA FC) predicts survival in patients with pulmonary hypertension using infused epoprostenol therapy.
HR for mortality in ischemic heart disease.
Flow–volume loops of test breaths and preceding control breaths of three representative chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with different degrees.
HR for myocardial infarction.
Correlation between leg fluid volume (LFV) displacement measured by electrical impedance and apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) in non-obese obstructive sleep.
The distribution of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in male (blue) and female (red) athletes with mean values (SD) presented for each sex (panel A). The.
Tracing of tidal breathing followed by an inspiratory manoeuvre to total lung capacity (TLC) to record inspiratory capacity (IC), followed by a full expiration.
Effect of placebo (n=88) and bosentan (n=80) on the co-primary end-point pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in the EARLY (Endothelial Antagonist Trial.
Presentation transcript:

Simplified model of cardiorespiratory control showing coupling between respiratory and cardiovascular systems. τ: circulatory delay; ILV: instantaneous lung volume; HR: heart rate; CNS: central nervous system; SAP: systolic arterial pressure; DAP: diastolic... Simplified model of cardiorespiratory control showing coupling between respiratory and cardiovascular systems. τ: circulatory delay; ILV: instantaneous lung volume; HR: heart rate; CNS: central nervous system; SAP: systolic arterial pressure; DAP: diastolic arterial pressure. Reproduced from [108] with permission from the publisher. Marc A. Russo et al. Breathe 2017;13:298-309 ©2017 by European Respiratory Society