Teddy and the World Section 4: World Power 1901 TR becomes pres when McKinley shot Likes to get involved in world affairs

Roosevelt's “Big Stick” Diplomacy American Action Consequence of that Action 1. Treaty of Portsmouth is negotiated. → 2. U.S. warships used to ensure Panama’s independence. 3. Panama Canal is built. 4. Roosevelt Corollary is adopted.

1904 Russia and Japan at war Japan approaches TR and asks him to end the war Meetings took place at Portsmouth, N.H. Portsmouth Treaty won TR the Nobel Peace Prize

TR and others thought we needed a Canal connecting Atlantic and Pacific Different places we could build, but French had started one in Panama, failed Panama Canal

Panama Canal 1 problem: Columbia controlled Panama and did not want to give up land to US TR and Bunau-Varilla “arranged” a revolution against Columbia US warships pointed their guns at Columbia as a threat if they stopped the Panamanians from their revolution US would pay 10 million up front and 250,000 a year to Panama for use of Canal

Panama Canal Still had to be built Disease, soft soil, hard to get good workers 43,400 employed at one time! August 1914 open for business Good for US business, but bad feelings between Latin American countries and US. Would they be next?

Roosevelt Corollary TR worried that Latin American countries might be taken over by European countries, especially those with bad economies 1820’s Monroe Doctrine had told Europe to stay out of our hemisphere 1904 TR reminds Europe to stay out with the Roosevelt Corollary: Just a reminder that US will protect Latin America and use force to bring peace. “Speak softly and carry a big stick”

Dollar Diplomacy Taft did not like TR’s threatening approach and tried a different one He lent money to countries in trouble to get them back on their feet by getting new businesses in their countries. He felt they would like us better if we helped them grow, rather then threaten their enemies Sometimes he used troops, but tried not too

Woodrow Wilson Wilson replaced Taft and had new ideas He felt that the US would only help countries that had good moral governments: Treated their people well Wanted more countries to get a Democratic government and we would help them Mexico put him to the test

Wilson’s “Missionary” Diplomacy American Action Consequence of that Action 1. Wilson uses minor incident with Mexico as an excuse to occupy Veracruz. → 2. Wilson recognizes the Carranza government. 3. Wilson refuses Carranza’s demand to withdraw U.S. troops sent into Mexico to capture Villa.

Mexico Mexico had a dictator for many years: Diaz Friendly to US, but not to his own people 1911 poor in Mexico led by Madero revolted and won, but only lasted a couple of years 1913 new president: Huerta. Wilson did not like him, so he did not recognize him as the leader

US intervenes in Mexico Wilson waited for a moment he could challenge Huerta Tampico: 1914 US sailors arrested but let go quickly Wilson sends Marines to Mexico We almost went to war ABC powers stopped war, got rid of Huerta New president: Carranza, Wilson OK with this, but not the Mexican people

Rebellion in Mexico Pancho Villa and Zapata not agree with Carranza and wanted him out Villa had been a friend of US before Villa attacked US miners on way to Mexico, and invaded New Mexico killing US citizens Wilson had to send US army under Pershing to chase Carranza not like US troops in Mexico so his army and US clash Just about to go to war and WWI breaks out