The role of the PFC in addiction

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Presentation transcript:

The role of the PFC in addiction Changes in the PFC in addiction

Prefrontal cortex (executive processes) Functions of the PFC Prefrontal cortex (executive processes) Self-regulation Decision making Cognitive flexibility Attribution of salience Volkow, N. D., Koob, G. F., & McLellan, A. T. (2016). Neurobiologic advances from the brain disease model of addiction. New England Journal of Medicine, 374(4), 363-371.

Impaired PFC functioning The PFC in addiction Impaired PFC functioning Poor self-control Impulsivity Compulsivity Volkow, N. D., Koob, G. F., & McLellan, A. T. (2016). Neurobiologic advances from the brain disease model of addiction. New England Journal of Medicine, 374(4), 363-371.

Impaired PFC functioning The PFC in addiction Impaired PFC functioning Poor self-control Impulsivity Compulsivity At the same time impulsive Patients can be sincere in their desire to stop using a drug Volkow, N. D., Koob, G. F., & McLellan, A. T. (2016). Neurobiologic advances from the brain disease model of addiction. New England Journal of Medicine, 374(4), 363-371.

Dopaminergic and glutamatergic changes

Poor control and high compulisivity Dopaminergic changes Poor control and high compulisivity Altered DA signaling Koob, G & Kandel, D et al. (2015). Pathophysiology of Addiction. In Tasman, A. . Psychiatry. West Sussex, England: Wiley Blackwell.

Glutamate modulates neuroplasticity Glutamate receptors Long-term alterations in the PFC Volkow, N. D., Koob, G. F., & McLellan, A. T. (2016). Neurobiologic advances from the brain disease model of addiction. New England Journal of Medicine, 374(4), 363-371.