Describing Matter

Properties of Matter Hardness Texture Shape Temperature Flammability Size Color

Three Principal States of Matter Solids, Liquids, and Gases

Characteristic Properties Properties that hold true for the substance no matter what the sample. Can be used to identify the substance

Characteristic Property What is a diamond’s hardness? 10 (On Moh’s hardness scale of 1-10)

Other Characteristic Properties Boiling Point – The temperature at which a substance turns from a liquid to a gas. Water’s boiling point is ________C 100

Melting Point- The temperature at which a solid turns to liquid. Water turns from ice to liquid at _________C

Changes in Matter Physical Changes-A change in a substance that does not change its identity. A change of state.

Changes in Matter Chemical Changes-A change in which one or more substances combine or decompose to form new substances.

Chemical Activity The ability of a substance to undergo a chemical change is _____________ Chemical activity

Types of Matter Matter can be classified into what two categories. Mixtures and Pure Substances Pure substances can be what two groups? Elements and Compounds

Mixtures Mixtures are two or more substances that are mixed but not chemically combined. Example: A Salad

Mixtures Solution- the ‘best mixed’ mixtures. A solution has a solvent- usually water. A solution has a solute-a substance mixed in with the solvent. Example: Salt Water

Pure Substances What is made of only one kind of matter and has definite properties? Pure Substances Elements can not be broken down by chemical means. Compounds are made of two or more elements.

Element or Compound? Sulfur Element

Element or Compound? Copper Oxide Compound

Element or Compound? Quartz Compound

Element or Compound? Mercury Element

Element or Compound? Chlorine Element