01. Introduction to Quran (Wahi) Course Instructor Islamic Studies: Mufti Omer Rafiq

Wahy (Revelation) DEFINATION: The message sent by Allah on the heart of the Prophet or to send some signs towards His Prophet, Some time very fast,some time very slow. General human cannot understand the actual reality of Wahy and also it is not possible for them to understand the Wahy.

Hazrat Jibraeel (A.S) in the shape of human being. Revelation shapes/kinds of Wahy: During the sleeping position the order given to the Prophet in the dream e.g. dream of Hazrat Ibrahim (A.S). Direct on the heart without sleeping position as for Holy Prophet (S.A.W). Hazrat Jibraeel (A.S) in the shape of human being. Hazrat Jibraeel (A.S) in his own posture. Allah SWT Himself behind the curtain as Hazrat Moosa (A.S) Without curtain as Holy Prophet (S.A.W) during Mairaj. ۞وَمَا كَانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَن يُكَلِّمَهُ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا وَحۡيًا أَوۡ مِن وَرَآيِٕ حِجَابٍ أَوۡ يُرۡسِلَ رَسُولٗا فَيُوحِيَ بِإِذۡنِهِۦ مَا يَشَآءُۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيٌّ حَكِيمٞ Al shura 51

Situation and influence of wahy: The voice of a ringing bell. During very cold weather the signs of sweat were present on the forehead of Holy Prophet(SAW) During very hot weather the condition of Prophet(SAW) was shivering. Heavy as in the story of thigh of a Sahabi RZ and sometimes on the she-camel.

Need of Wahy: To understand the personality of Almighty Allah. Everyone cannot bear the burden of wahy so for guidance wahy is compulsory through Prophet’s. To explain the divine book, wahy(gher matlu) is necessary. Prophet’s are the first practical followers of wahy. To save the humanity from the philosophers, materialist and naturalist theories, arguments and ideas, wahy is required. To illuminate the inner wisdom and light of humanity wahy is compulsory. To remind the humanity about their promise done by their souls with Allah.

TYPES OF WAHY: Wahy matlu: It means that the words and sentences from Allah almighty and can be recited during the prayer. It is essential that such revealed words should be recited in the same accent , diction and pronunciation . E.g words of quran Wahy ghair matlu: It means that the words and sentences from the side of Holy Prophet(SAW) and cannot be recited during the prayer. The words of such revelation are not the words of the Almighty but Holy Prophet (S.A.W) explained this Wahy with his own words . Ahadees is also a kind of wahy. لَا تُحَرِّكۡ بِهِۦ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعۡجَلَ بِهِۦٓ ١٦ إِنَّ عَلَيۡنَا جَمۡعَهُۥ وَقُرۡءَانَهُۥ ١٧ فَإِذَا قَرَأۡنَٰهُ فَٱتَّبِعۡ قُرۡءَانَهُۥ ١٨ ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيۡنَا بَيَانَهُۥ ١٩

KITABAT-E-WAHY: All the verses and surahs of Holy Quran were revealed one after the other during the life time of Holy Prophet(SAW).Hazrat Muhammad(SAW) appointed a group of writers for the kitabat-e-wahy. They used to write Holy Quran on palm trees, leather, bones, stones and even on papers with the order of Holy prophet(SAW). The Famous writers(kateb-e-wahy) during the period of Holy Prophet were Hazrat Abu Bakr, Zaid bin Sabit,Usman,Ali,Zubair,Ibn Masood and Hazrat Khadija The sequence and formation of ayat ,verses and surahs was completed by the order of Holy Prophet(SAW). However, Quran was not compiled in a shape of a single book during the period of Holy Prophet(SAW).

Compilation of Holy Quran After the death of Holy prophet (SAW) the first khalifah, Hazrat Abu Bakar (R.A) sent an expedition against of a false prophet Musailima. In the battle of yamama , 70 memorizer of Holy Quran martyred. Hazrat Umer (R.A) advised Hazrat Abu Bakar for the compilation of Holy Quran. A meeting was called by Hazrat Abu Bakar for the consultation. It was decided mutually by all Sahaba-Ikram that the compilation of Holy Quran in the shape of a book is necessary.

Hazrat Zaid bin Sabit was appointed as the leader of a committee for the compilation of Holy Quran. Holy Quran was compiled first time in the shape of a book during the period of Hazrat Abu Bakar Siddique(R.A). Again a dispute arose during the period of Hazrat Usman when the non-arabs were reciting Holy Quran with the wrong pronounciation. Therefore, during the period of Hazrat Usman (R.A) ,Quran was again compiled on one qirat of quraish for the recitation of every Muslim.

SURAH’S OF HOLY QURAN: There are 114 Surah’s in Holy Quran SURAH’S OF HOLY QURAN: There are 114 Surah’s in Holy Quran.Some Surah’s of Holy Quran are Makki and some are Madni. 87 Makki surah’s and 27 surah’s are Madni. 90 Makki Surah’s and 24 Madni Surah’s. 93 Makki Surah’s and 21 Surah’s are Madni. Madni Surah’s are longer Surah’s and Makki Surah’s are short Surah’s. Makki Surah’s are regarding iman and faith and akhira e.g sura NABA,MUDDASIR,NAZIAAT etc. Madni Surah’s are regarding rules and regulation.ALNISA, AL TAUBA etc.