Comparison of reconstruction and acquisition choices for quantitative T2* maps and synthetic contrasts Riikka Ruuth, Linda Kuusela, Teemu Mäkelä, Susanna.

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Comparison of reconstruction and acquisition choices for quantitative T2* maps and synthetic contrasts Riikka Ruuth, Linda Kuusela, Teemu Mäkelä, Susanna Melkas, Antti Korvenoja European Journal of Radiology Open Volume 6, Pages 42-48 (January 2019) DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2018.12.006 Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Comparison of magnitude (top row) and phase data (bottom row) from different reconstruction modes: k-space data reconstruction (left), vendor’s DICOM data with adaptive combination mode (ACM) (middle) and with sum-of-squares mode (SSM) (right). ACM data and k-space data come from the same acquisition. The SSM phase artifact is marked with a black circle and arrow. Other images are artifact free. European Journal of Radiology Open 2019 6, 42-48DOI: (10.1016/j.ejro.2018.12.006) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 T2* differences between reconstruction modes. (a) Example slices of the T2* maps of one patient. (b) The magnitude of voxel-wise T2* differences (ΔT2*) between vendor’s adaptive combination mode and k-space reconstruction. (c) Distribution of ΔT2* in white matter (WM), grey matter (GM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Fit represents Gaussian distribution fit to WM and GM data. Quantitative scales are in milliseconds. European Journal of Radiology Open 2019 6, 42-48DOI: (10.1016/j.ejro.2018.12.006) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Cumulative histograms of signal fit error of patients. Root mean square error (RMSE) of (a) signal magnitude fit in arbitrary units (a.u.), and (b) signal phase fit in radians (rad). RMSE for white matter (WM) and grey matter (GM) with vendor’s adaptive combination mode (ACM) and k-space reconstruction are plot separately. European Journal of Radiology Open 2019 6, 42-48DOI: (10.1016/j.ejro.2018.12.006) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Mean and standard deviation of the white matter/gray matter contrast of all 8 patients. Results for 10 synthetic contrasts with reconstructions from k-space data and with vendor’s adaptive combination mode (ACM) are shown. Images are T1-wighted (T1w), R2*, T2*, susceptibility weighted image (SWI) and SWI without T1-weighting (GSWI), their minimum intensity projections (mIP), contrast enhanced T1-image (T1f), fluid suppressed T2* (FST2*) and FST2* based SWI (T2*-SWI). European Journal of Radiology Open 2019 6, 42-48DOI: (10.1016/j.ejro.2018.12.006) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 (a) Cumulative signal magnitude fit root mean square error (RMSE) and (b) median T2* difference (ΔT2*) of phantom measurements. Slice thickness 2 millimeter and 5 millimeter, as well as acquisition with different factors of partial Fourier imaging in phase (PFP) and slice direction (PFS) were tested. Median ΔT2* values are calculate relative to acquisition with the same slice thickness and no partial Fourier applied. European Journal of Radiology Open 2019 6, 42-48DOI: (10.1016/j.ejro.2018.12.006) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 (a) Median T2* and (b) voxel-wise ΔT2* of two healthy volunteers imaged with different Partial Fourier settings. Volunteer 1 was imaged with a 12-channel head coil and volunteer 2 with a 32-channel head coil. Quantitative scales are in milliseconds. European Journal of Radiology Open 2019 6, 42-48DOI: (10.1016/j.ejro.2018.12.006) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions