The “Brown Power” Movement
Welcome to East L.A.
What’s in a Name? Hispanic Mexican-American Chicano/Chicana Latino/Latina Tejano/Tejana
Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers Union
The Farm Workers Movement Mexican-American workers harvested California’s fruit and veg. crop Long hours, low pay, no restroom breaks Demanded growers negotiated with Chavez and the worker’s union-growers refused. Chavez inspired by M.L. King. Dedicated to non-violence.
Cesar Chavez and the Boycotts 1962-Chavez organizes workers into the United Farm Workers Union 1965-Growers refuse to negotiate with workers. Chavez and other workers convince the country to boycott CA grapes 1970-The boycott works. CA growers agree to higher wages and benefits for workers. La Causa is victorious.
Latino Cultural Pride Brown Power movement Demand better schools, core classes in Spanish, Latino history taught in schools 1968-Congress passes bilingual education act. 1968-Chicano pride emerges in L.A. thru Brown Berets
Chicanos in East L.A.-1968 Economic Inequality High Unemployment Poor Housing Poor Schools Poor Health Care Police Brutality Sound Familiar?
Brown Berets-1968 Formed in East L.A. in reaction to police brutality Inspired by the Black Panthers, Malcolm X, and the Black Power movement.
East L.A. High School Walkouts-1968 Brown Berets organize walkouts of 15,000 Chicano students in East Los Angeles Demands: Smaller classes More Chicano teachers and principals More drop out prevention programs More Chicano history and culture classes Bilingual Education Latino Youth Leadership Training
Latino Youth Leadership Conference-Boulder Valley School District 2012
La Raza Unida-1970 Founded to gain more political power for Latinos Latino candidates ran various offices around the country. Beginning of emergence of Latino political power. Still exists today, working to further Latino political power
Chicano Radicalism
Aztlan
Hispanic Origin by Type: 2006 Type of origin Number Percent Total 44,252,278 100.0 Mexican 28,339,354 64.0 Puerto Rican 3,987,947 9.0 Cuban 1,520,276 3.4 Dominican 1,217,225 2.8 Central American 3,372,090 7.6 South American 2,421,297 5.5 Other Hispanic 3,394,089 7.7 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2006 American Community Survey
Current Population Trends in the Hispanic Population As of July 1, 2006: 44.3 million Hispanics, 14.8% of total population of 299 million Between 2000 and 2006: Hispanics accounted for one-half of the nation’s growth Hispanic growth rate (24.3%) was more than three times the growth rate of the total population (6.1%)
Hispanic Population in the United States: 1970 to 2050 Population in millions Census Projections *Projected Population as of July 1 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000 Decennial Censuses; Population Projections, July 1, 2010 to July 1, 2050
Percent Hispanic of the Total Population in the United States: 1970 to 2050 Census Projections *Projected Population as of July 1 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000 Decennial Censuses; Population Projections, July 1, 2010 to July 1, 2050
Top Five States by Hispanic Population Size: 2006 Rank State Population Size 1 California 13,074,156 2 Texas 8,385,139 3 Florida 3,646,499 4 New York 3,139,456 5 Illinois 1,886,933 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates July 1, 2006
Top Five States by Hispanic Population Gain: 2000 to 2006 Rank State Numeric Change 1 California 2,010,514 2 Texas 1,644,262 3 Florida 930,437 4 Arizona 490,124 5 Illinois 342,244 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates July 1, 2000 to July 1, 2006
Hispanic Population by Region: 2006 Rank Region Population Size 1 West 18,864,823 2 South 15,376,215 3 Northeast 6,102,314 4 Midwest 3,977,686 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates July 1, 2006
US Population Projections: Pew Research Center, 2008