Semicolons & Colons NINTH GRADE ENGLISH.

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Presentation transcript:

Semicolons & Colons NINTH GRADE ENGLISH

Semicolons 1. Use a semicolon to join independent clauses that are closely related in meaning. Examples: The players should be ready to leave at 10:00; the game begins at noon. Angie looked out at the downpour; then she put on the raincoat and boots.

Semicolons Use a semicolon between independent clauses joined by a conjunctive adverb or a transitional expression. Examples: Emma felt shy; however, she soon made some new friends. My bird does unusual tricks; for example, he rings a bell and says, “Wow.”

Semicolons Conjunctive Adverbs CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS Accordingly Furthermore Meanwhile Otherwise Also However Moreover Still Besides Indeed Nevertheless Then Consequently Instead Next Therefore Conjunctive Adverbs

Semicolons Transitional Expressions TRANSITIONAL EXPRESSIONS As a result For instance In fact On the other hand For example In addition That is In other words

Semicolons Use a semicolon, instead of a comma, to join independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction when the independent clauses already contain commas. Examples: Alana, Eric, and Kim voted for her; and Scott, Roland, and Vanessa voted for Jason. Scanning the horizon for the source of the whirring sound, Pedro saw a huge, green cloud traveling in his direction; and, suddenly recognizing what it was, he knew that crops soon would be eaten by a horde of grasshoppers.

Semicolons Use a semicolon between items in a series IF the items already contain commas. Examples: I would like to introduce Mrs. Brady, our mayor; Mr. Bell, her secretary; Ms. Lincoln, the editor of our newspaper; and Mr. Quinn, our guest of honor. The Photography Club will meet on Wednesday, September 12; Wednesday, September 19; and Tuesday, September 24.

Colons Use a colon between the hour and minute Ex: 8:57 P.M. Use a colon between the chapter and verse in a Biblical reference Ex: John 3:16 (John Chapter 3 Verse 16)

Colon Use a colon between titles and subtitles Example: Whales: Giants of the Sea The Hunger Games: Catching fire Airplane 2: the Sequel Use a colon after the salutation of a business letter John Smith, CEO Smith Construction:

Colons Use a colon to mean “note what follows” Examples: You will need to bring the following equipment: a sleeping bag, a warm sweater, and extra socks. Additional supplies are as follows: a toothbrush, toothpaste, a change of clothes, and a pillow. NEVER USE A COLON AFTER A VERB!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!