Catalyst 5 min 1. In the food web above, what animal would be immediately effected if the deer population decreased?   2. In the food web above, what would happen to the frog population if the rabbit population increased?

Materials: half sheet from side table On a HALF SHEET OF NOTEBOOK PAPER, answer the following question: 1. Ms. Nay’s sister is getting married on Saturday. What is some advice you have for the newly married couple? (can be serious, funny, etc.)

Elite Eight Trait Check-Up Respect the Threshold Everyone on time? Silent for First Five? Be Prepared (2 min) Seated Have materials Working on catalyst

Class Motto If there is a problem, We look for a solution. If there is a better way, We find it. If we need help, We ask. If a teammate needs help, We give.

Announcements Star Quiz 9 on Monday/Tuesday Unit 2 Test next Thursday/Friday

Objectives I can determine which level of an energy pyramid can support the most organisms and which can support the least. I can calculate how much energy is at each trophic level of an energy pyramid.

FOOD WEB RECAP Bill Nye Video: Name a food from the video that a carnivore would eat Name a food that a primary consumer would eat Name an omnivore in that video Where does all energy originate from? What is being passed from producers to consumers in a food chain?

Types of Consumers RECAP herbivores Only eat plants Example: rabbits carnivores Only eat meat Example: lions omnivores Eat both plants and animals Example: bears

Orders of Consumers Consumers can also be divided into levels Primary herbivores Example: rabbit Secondary Eat herbivores Example: snake Tertiary Eat animals that eat other animals Example: eagle

Energy Pyramid Example

Did you notice anything about the number of organisms at each level? The number of organisms decreases as you go up in levels Producers are the most common and tertiary consumers are the least common.

Trophic level: the position an organism occupies on a food chain or food web Only 10% of energy at each level is transferred onto the next level 90% of the energy is used up by bodily functions This means 100 producers can only support 10 primary consumers and 1 secondary consumer

Energy Pyramids Producers have the most energy Third-order consumers take in the least amount of energy This is also why the population size of third-order consumers is small

Conservation of Energy Law of conservation of energy: Energy is neither created nor destroyed

Energy loss! Every step up the energy pyramid 90% of energy is lost That means only 10% of energy moves up each level If energy is neither created nor destroyed, what happens to the energy that is lost?

The Loss of Energy Pyramid Pyramid of Energy Heat Remember the 10% rule Each trophic level up the pyramid, 90% of energy is lost as heat- only 10% makes it up 0.1% Consumers Heat 1% Consumers 10% Consumers Heat Heat 100% Producers Parasites, scavengers, and decomposers feed at each level.

Calculating 10% When you move up just one level you only keep 10% of the energy. An easy way to calculate 10% is to move the decimal point to the left one place. 10% of 130 = 13.0 10% of 38189= 3818.9 10% of 10 = 1.0 10% of .1 =__________ 10% of 1000 = _________ Pyramid of Energy Heat 0.1% Consumers Heat 1% Consumers .01 10% Consumers Heat 100 Heat 100% Producers Parasites, scavengers, and decomposers feed at each level.

The Loss of Energy Pyramid kCal Abbreviation for kilocalories Unit of energy If the producers have 1000 kilocalories (kcal) how much energy is at the secondary consumer level? Sketch a pyramid and label it Count how many levels up-2 For each level calculate 10% of the previous level ? 1000 kcal

Going the opposite way If you have to move down trophic levels (aka start at the top of the pyramid), you can multiply by 10 per level. An easy way to do that is to move the decimal point to the right one space (or add a 0 at the end of the number) If you have 20 kcal at the secondary consumer level and move down a trophic level to primary consumer- multiply 20 kcal by 10 = 200 kcal

Going the opposite way Given the following energy pyramid, calculate the amount of energy at the primary producer level

1,000 10,000

Work Time The half sheet is due on MONDAY. DO NOT TURN IT IN TO THE SUB!

Panther Pass

1. What trophic level has the least amount of matter or energy? Producers Primary consumers Secondary consumers Tertiary consumers 2. Lettuce produces 100 calories of energy from sunlight. How many calories of energy does a rabbit get from eating a head of lettuce?

What percentage of energy is LOST to the atmosphere between trophic levels? Are there more organisms at the tertiary level of the energy pyramid or the primary level?