Science is... An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world Based on observations

Scientific Method The scientific method can be used to solve any problem, scientific or not. It is the basis for all research and experiment.

A problem Will.. Usually written as a..................... Does..

Recognize a problem Before you can go any further you must identify what the problem is that you are trying to solve. Ask why or how?

Based on any pior knowledge pertaining to the problem. Research Based on any pior knowledge pertaining to the problem.

Hypothesis (Prediction) or Educated Guess Usually written as.... If......then statement.....

Forming a hypothesis A hypothesis is a possible explanation to the problem that you are trying to solve It is based on previous knowledge - RESEARCH

Controlled Experiments To Run an Experiment Two groups are needed!!!

Control Group normal situation used as a reference used to compare to

Independent Variable Experimental Group one factor that differs from the control

Dependent Variable(results) what you measure NEED A UNIT!

For a Controlled experiment Amount of sun you need to keep everything the same except one thing Amount of water vases

Data

Conclusions Once data is collected it should be analyzed and interpreted. True or False ? The data is used to evaluate the hypothesis. Did the data provide evidence to support the hypothesis or reject the hypothesis

Theories Once conclusions are drawn the experiments are often repeated WHY? The purpose is to further test the hypothesis before accepting or rejecting the new findings As evidence builds up, the hypothesis may become well supported that it is considered a theory A theory is a well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations

Law Once conclusions are drawn the experiments are often repeated As evidence builds up, the hypothesis may become well supported that it is considered a theory A theory is a well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations 16

2 Ways to improve any experiment Increase Sample Size Repeat

Scientific Method Summary Identify a problem to solve or a situation you want to learn more about. Research - prior information pertaining to the problem Form a Hypothesis or educated guess about the solution to the problem. Experiment The Control never changes, it is there to compare the independent variable to. Independent Variables is the one thing that is being tested. Dependent variable - the results. Something measurable

Scientific Method Summary 5. Data. Collect the results. Put in form of a graph or table. 6. Draw conclusions. Verification of the experiment…REPEAT IT! Scientists publish their findings in journals, mabazines or give lectures of their findings. Theory - highly tested generally accepted principle.

Biogenesis or Spontaneous Generation? Biogenesis is the theory that life only comes from living organisms Abiogenesis or spontaneous generation is the belief that life can arise from something nonliving

Francesco Redi performed an experiment to disprove spontaneous generations. His experiment were then reproduced by numerous scientists Once evidence from many experiments is gathered, a well supported hypothesis may become a theory