Carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with transient ischemic attacks and stroke have unstable characteristics compared with plaques in asymptomatic.

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Carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with transient ischemic attacks and stroke have unstable characteristics compared with plaques in asymptomatic and amaurosis fugax patients Bart Verhoeven, MD, Willem E. Hellings, MD, Frans L. Moll, MD, PhD, Jean Paul de Vries, MD, PhD, Dominique P.V. de Kleijn, PhD, Peter de Bruin, MD, PhD, Els Busser, Bsc, Arjen H. Schoneveld, Bsc, Gerard Pasterkamp, MD, PhD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 42, Issue 6, Pages 1075-1081 (December 2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2005.08.009 Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Plaque processing. The plaque obtained during carotid endarterectomy is divided into 0.5-cm segments. The culprit lesion is designated 0 and is used for histopathologic staining. Other segments are used for protein and DNA/RNA isolation or kept at –80°C. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 42, 1075-1081DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.08.009) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Clinical symptoms and plaque characteristics. This figure shows different plaque characteristics present at the culprit lesion, for different symptomatic categories. All data are displayed in percentages. AFX, Amaurosis fugax; TIA, transient ischemic attack. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 42, 1075-1081DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.08.009) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Symptom-free interval and plaque phenotype. Number of patients with specific plaque phenotype and symptom free interval. P values indicate that no differences are observed between distributions of plaque phenotype and increasing symptom-free interval for all patients, transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke, and amaurosis fugax (AFX), respectively. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 42, 1075-1081DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.08.009) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Plaque score model. Specific plaque characteristics based on the definition of the vulnerable plaque were given points. The percentage and number of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and stroke related to received points are displayed. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 42, 1075-1081DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.08.009) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions