Internet2 Network of the Future Steve Corbató Director, Backbone Network Infrastructure Pfizer Internet2 Day 11 January 2002 This is a general overview presentation about Internet2. Internet2 is a consortium, led by US universities, which is recreating the partnership among academia, industry and government that fostered today’s Internet in its infancy.

Internet2 Network of the Future Current state of Abilene Evolution of optical networking Next phase of Abilene 4/26/2019

Abilene focus Goals Advanced service efforts Enabling innovative applications and advanced services not possible over the commercial Internet Backbone & regional infrastructure provides a vital substrate for the continuing culture of Internet advancement in the university/corporate research sector Advanced service efforts Multicast IPv6 QoS Measurement Security 4/26/2019

Abilene background & milestones Abilene is a UCAID project in partnership with Qwest Communications (SONET & DWDM service) Nortel Networks (SONET kit) Cisco Systems (routers) Indiana University (network operations) ITECs in North Carolina and Ohio (test and evaluation) Timeline Apr 1998: Project announced at White House Jan 1999: Production status for network Oct 1999: IP version of HDTV (215 Mbps) over Abilene Apr 2001: First state education network added Jun 2001: Participation reaches all 50 states & D.C. Nov 2001: Raw HDTV/IP (1.5 Gbps) over Abilene Partnerships are the foundation of how the Internet developed and they are also a part of the foundation of Internet2. 4/26/2019

Abilene – January, 2002 IP-over-SONET (OC-48c) backbone 53 direct connections 3 OC-48c connections - NCNI will be the 4th 1 Gigabit Ethernet trial - MREN 23 will connect via at least OC-12c (622 Mbps) by 1Q02 207 participants – research universities & labs All 50 states, District of Columbia, & Puerto Rico 15 regional GigaPoPs support ~70% of participants Expanded access 37 sponsored participants 18 state education networks (SEGPs) 4/26/2019

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Growth in corporate participation 13 corporate research sites either on now or pending Alcatel/USA Aventis Boeing Phantom Works Ford Research Fujitsu Labs of America IBM Research (2 sites) Johnson & Johnson Research (3 sites) Microsoft Research Motorola Labs Pfizer 4/26/2019

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International connectivity Transoceanic R&E bandwidths growing! Key international exchange points facilitated by Internet2 membership and the U.S. scientific community STARTAP & STAR LIGHT – Chicago Pacific Wave – Seattle Abilene now has GigE connectivity to both SL and P/WAVE AMPATH – Miami New York City – GigE/10GigE EP under development CA*NET3: Seattle, Chicago, and New York CUDI: CENIC and Univ. of Texas at El Paso International transit service Collaboration with CA*NET3 and STARTAP 4/26/2019

Abilene International Peering and International Transit Network (ITN) STTL CA*net3, (AARnet) APAN/TransPAC, Ca*net3, CERN, CERnet, IUCC, NORDUnet, RENATER, REUNA2, SURFnet, SingAREN, SINET, TAnet2 , (ANSP, HARnet?) OC12 NYCM TEN-155*, JANET, NORDUnet, CA*net3 (HEAnet) BELnet SNVA GEMNET, (SINET) 13+ peers of MoU partners AmPATH STAR TAP ITN…Abilene service component LOSA SingAREN, SINET OC3-12 AmPATH (REUNA2, RNP2, RETINA?) CALREN2 CUDI UT El Paso (CUDI) 4/26/2019 * ARNES, BELNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, HEAnet, RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET, GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN, RedIRIS

National optical networking options 1 - Incremental wavelengths Provision 10-Gbps ’s from provider(s) in the same way that SONET circuits are done for Abilene now Exploit smaller incremental cost of additional ’s 2 - Dim Fiber Partnership with a facilities-based provider Acquisition of fiber IRU and subsequent O&M agreement for inter-PoP services (amplifiers, regenerators, DWD MUXes?) Metro condominium fiber concept on the national scale National footprint of 1-2 fiber pairs IRU for the fiber alone could cost $10-20M Most likely awaits the availability of lower-cost optical transmission equipment 4/26/2019

Future of Abilene Original UCAID/Qwest MoU amended on October 1, 2001 Extension of Qwest’s original commitment to Abilene for another 5 years – 10/01/2006 Originally expired March, 2003 Upgrade of Abilene backbone to optical transport capability - ’s x4 increase in the core backbone bandwidth OC-48c SONET (2.5 Gbps) to 10-Gbps DWDM Capability for flexible provisioning of ’s to support future point-to-point experimentation & other projects 4/26/2019

Key aspects of next backbone - I Native IPv6 Motivations Resolving IPv4 address exhaustion issues Preservation of the original End-to-End Architecture model p2p collaboration tools, reverse trend to CO-centrism International collaboration Router and host OS capabilities Run natively - concurrent with IPv4 Replicate multicast deployment strategy Close collaboration with Internet2 IPv6 Working Group on regional and campus v6 rollout Addressing architecture 4/26/2019

Key aspects of the backbone - II Network resiliency Abilene ’s will not be protected a la SONET Increasing use of videoconferencing/VoIP impose tighter restoration requirements (<100 ms) Options: Currently: MPLS/TE fast reroute Would prefer IP-based IGP fast convergence Addition of new measurement capabilities Enhance active probing Latency & jitter, loss, TCP throughput Add passive measurement taps Support of Internet2 End-to-End Performance Initiative Intermediate performance beacons 4/26/2019

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Regional optical fanout Next generation architecture: Regional & state based optical networking projects are critical three-level hierarchy: Backbone, GigaPoPs/ARNs, campuses Leading examples CENIC ONI (California), I-WIRE (Illinois), SURA Crossroads (Southeastern U.S), Indiana, Ohio Collaboration with the Quilt Regional Optical Networking project U.S. carrier DWDM access is now not nearly as widespread as with SONET circa 1998 4/26/2019

Conclusions Abilene future UCAID’s partnership with Qwest extended through 2006 Backbone to be upgraded to 10-Gbps in three phases starting spring 2002 Capability for flexible  provisioning in support of future experimentation in optical networking Overall approach to the new technical design and business plan is for an incremental, non-disruptive transition Follow-on network most likely will be developed around a national dark fiber facility and will utilize next generation optical transport technology 4/26/2019

For more information Web: www.internet2.edu/abilene E-mail: abilene@internet2.edu 4/26/2019

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