Ecology Review

1 Name the levels of organization within the environment from most specific to most general (omit “species”)

Answer Individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

2 Define community

Answer Collections of populations living together in the same area

3 Define biosphere

Answer The layer of living things and the space they inhabit that circle the globe

4 To which trophic level would an oak tree belong?

Answer The first trophic level-primary producers

5 What is another word for consumer?

Answer heterotroph

6 Use 2 vocab words to describe the plants in an ecosystem

Answer Producer, autotroph

7 Which trophic level will have the highest amount of toxin in its body tissues?

Answer Top level

8 A plant contains 5000 units of energy. A grasshopper eats the plant, a frog eats the grasshopper, a snake eats the frog, and a hawk eats the snake. How much of the plant’s energy was transferred to the hawk?

Answer 0.5 units

9 Why does only 10% of an organism’s energy pass to the next trophic level?

Answer Poop, respiration, the organism uses the energy

10 The number of individuals in a given area is called:

Answer Population density

11 Global warming is a density ____ factor Disease is a density ____ factor

Answer Independent Dependent

12 What kind of relationship? A soybean plant and nitrogen fixing bacteria

Answer Mutualism

13 What kind of relationship? Cheetah and a gazelle

Answer Predation

14 What kind of relationship? Two trees growing next to each other in a forest

Answer Competition

15 What kind of relationship? One organism is benefiting while the other isn’t affected

Answer Commensalism

16 Draw a logistic growth curve

Answer

17 What is the maximum number of individuals an ecosystem can sustain?

Answer Carrying capacity

18 A volcano erupts and lava flows over a piece of land. What would happen over the next several hundred years in that area?

Answer Primary succession

19 List 2 things that could cause secondary succession to begin in an area

Answer Forest fire, over grazing, avalanche, landslide, ash volcano, natural disaster

20 What is a pioneer species?

Answer The first organisms to live in an area after a natural disaster

21 What type of growth is occurring at point B?

Answer Exponential

22 Why did the deer population grow so drastically from 1907-1925?

Answer Decrease in predators, increase in resources

23 Name a tertiary consumer in this food web.

Answer Hawk

24 Name 2 things that would happen if frogs died off

Answer Less snakes, more dragonflies, more mayflies

25 True/False. The hawk is BOTH a secondary AND tertiary consumer.

Answer TRUE

26 What TWO important things are missing in this food web?

Answer Sun and decomposers/detritivores

26 Name one thing that is biotic.

Answer Anything that is living

OTHER THINGS TO KNOW Biomes Cycles of Matter Population Graphs Predator-Prey