Preliminary Outcomes of the SmartWheel Users’ Group Database: A Proposed Framework for Clinicians to Objectively Evaluate Manual Wheelchair Propulsion

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Preliminary Outcomes of the SmartWheel Users’ Group Database: A Proposed Framework for Clinicians to Objectively Evaluate Manual Wheelchair Propulsion Rachel E. Cowan, MS, Michael L. Boninger, MD, Bonita J. Sawatzky, PhD, Brian D. Mazoyer, PTA, Rory A. Cooper, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 89, Issue 2, Pages 260-268 (February 2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.141 Copyright © 2008 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Generalized regression plot. Abbreviations: Area A, above threshold velocity; below average force or push frequency; Area B, above threshold velocity; above average force or push frequency; Area C, below threshold velocity; above average force or push frequency; Area D, below threshold velocity; below average force or push frequency. Legend: The solid line is the linear regression line based on existing data. The dashed line is the extrapolated linear regression line. Threshold velocity is represented by a dash-dot line. Solid line ellipse is the 95% covariance ellipse. Dashed line ellipse is the 75% covariance ellipse. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2008 89, 260-268DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.141) Copyright © 2008 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Tile body weight−normalized average steady-state peak resultant force versus average steady-state velocity. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2008 89, 260-268DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.141) Copyright © 2008 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Ramp body weight−normalized average steady-state peak resultant force versus average steady-state velocity. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2008 89, 260-268DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.141) Copyright © 2008 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Tile push frequency versus average velocity. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2008 89, 260-268DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.141) Copyright © 2008 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Carpet push frequency versus average velocity. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2008 89, 260-268DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.141) Copyright © 2008 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 Ramp push frequency versus average velocity. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2008 89, 260-268DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.141) Copyright © 2008 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 7 Clinician decision-making flowchart. Abbreviations: see figure 1; MWU, manual wheelchair user. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2008 89, 260-268DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.141) Copyright © 2008 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions