Proofing products against organised crime - a case study of diamonds

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Presentation transcript:

Proofing products against organised crime - a case study of diamonds Prof. Dr. Tom Vander Beken EU Forum for the prevention of organised crime Designing Crime out of Products and Services – an EU wide approach European Commission, Brussels, 26 September 2003

Overview 1. Product proofing against what? 2. Organised crime and vulnerability studies 3. Product proofing and vulnerability studies 4. Not only proofing against theft 5. Possible indicators 6. Example: the product “diamonds” 7. Conclusions

1. Product proofing against what? No EU-definition (“so-called product proofing”) (draft report on implementation millenniumstrategy, 2003) “Method to scan the probability that a crime occurs due to the nature of the product” (own tentative definition) Proofing against crime or organised crime? Crime: theft, counterfeiting, … Organised crime: A way of committing all kinds of crime,…

2. Organised crime and vulnerability studies (Organised) crime as player in the economy Understanding and tackling organised crime: through its environment and opportunities importance of studying(legal) market situations Market analyses: involvement oc in illicit sectors (drugs, …) vulnerability of licit sectors (transport,…)

3. Product proofing and oc-vulnerability studies Vulnerability studies about sectors point out where the sector might be vulnerable for organised crime (risk) Vulnerability of the product by its nature is one of the elements of a vulnerability study (next to entrance barriers (including crime proofing), viability of the actors, black market situation, …)

4. Not only proofing against theft Existing methodologies for product proofing focus on (situational) prevention against theft E.g. Secured by design Organised crime product proofing could be broader and focus on opportunities for: theft of the product use of the product (instrument, commodity, payment, investment, …) misuse of the product (money laundering, …)

5. Possible indicators Stability Mobility Compatibiliy/flexibility Product differentiation Elasticity Integrity …

6. Example: the product “diamonds” High vulnerability: Diamonds are forever (stability) Small, easy to transport (mobility) Commodity, payment and investment (compatibility/flexibility) “white” product, nearly impossible to be identified or traced at any time (product differentiation) Price stability (elasticity) Low vulnerability: Impossible to counterfeit (integrity)

7. Conclusions Product proofing has become an issue in the prevention of organised crime We might need a special methodological framework for product proofing against organised crime Proposal to: Integrate product proofing into vulnerability studies Open up the scope of proofing to the (mis)use of the product