Mexican Independence, Lesson 3 Model responses for the questions. Review

1. Who was Agustin de Iturbide? p. 101, question 1 1. Who was Agustin de Iturbide?

1. Mexican leader who created a plan for independence. p. 101, answer 1 1. Mexican leader who created a plan for independence.

p. 97, question 2 2. What two groups initially (first) led the fight/rebellion? And what group later joined them?

p. 101, answer 2 2. First there were the Church leaders and mestizos. Later the criollos will join them.

p. 101, question 3 3. What is a guarantee?

p. 101, answer 3 3. a promise.

4. What form of government did the Plan de Iguala call for? p. 101, question 4 4. What form of government did the Plan de Iguala call for?

4. a constitutional monarchy. p. 101, answer 4 4. a constitutional monarchy.

p. 102, question 5 5. Why did Juan O’Donoju (Spanish viceroy) agree to a treaty with Iturbide?

p.102, answer 5 5. O’Donoju paid honest attention to the reality that Spain had lost the war.

6. What were 3 guarantees of Iturbide’s Plan de Iguala? p. 102, question 6 6. What were 3 guarantees of Iturbide’s Plan de Iguala?

p. 102 answer 6 6. Mexico is independent from Spain, the people of Mexico are united with equal rights, and Mexico remains Roman Catholic .

7. What was the first European language used in North America? p. 102, question 7 7. What was the first European language used in North America?

p. 98, answer 7 7. Spanish

8. Estimated number of Texans with Spanish surnames? p. 102, question 8 8. Estimated number of Texans with Spanish surnames?

8. perhaps 6 million or more. p. 102, answer 8 8. perhaps 6 million or more.

9.What was the El Camino Real? p. 103, question 9 9.What was the El Camino Real?

p. 103, answer 9 9. The Spanish Royal Highway or best known colonial era road (also called the Old San Antonio Road)

10. Why are there so many Spanish place-names in Texas today? p. 103, question10 10. Why are there so many Spanish place-names in Texas today?

p. 103, answer 10 10. the early Spanish explorers and conquistadores often gave Spanish names to many places in Texas and these names have continued through the ages. .

p. 103, Writing 1 solution 1. Final steps of path to Mexican Independence? Agustin de Iturbide set the plan for independence and the Spanish Governor signed the treaty.

p. 103 Writing 2 solutions 2. Examples of Spanish influence in Texas? Cities such as El Paso, San Antonio, etc. Terms such as lariat, vaqueros, etc., and many foods and celebrations continued throughout the ages.

The Plan of Iguala established three central principles for the nascent Mexican state: the primacy of Roman Catholicism, the absolute political independence of Mexico, and full social equality for all social and ethnic groups in the new country. These are the "Three Guarantees" by which the Plan is sometimes known, summarized as "Religion, Independence and Unity" ("Religión, Independencia y Unión"). The flag of the tricolor flag of the Army of Three Guarantees is a symbolic representation of the three guarantees, and is the color scheme for the post-independence red, green, and white Mexican flag.

The document explicitly includes all residents of Mexico's geographic territory among its citizens: the preamble refers to "Americans, under which term are included not only those born in America, but Europeans, Africans and Asians who reside in it," and Article 12 states: "All the inhabitants of the Mexican Empire, without any other distinction besides merit and virtue, are suitable citizens to apply for any employment," or "All the inhabitants of New Spain, without any distinction between Europeans, Africans, nor Indians, are citizens of this Monarchy with option to all employment depending on their merit and virtues," depending on the copy

The Plan of Iguala, also known as The Plan of the Three Guarantees ("Plan Trigarante"), was a revolutionary proclamation promulgated on 24 February 1821, in the final stage of the Mexican War of Independence from Spain. The Plan stated that Mexico was to become a constitutional monarchy, whose sole official religion would be Roman Catholicism, in which the Peninsulares and Creoles of Mexico would enjoy equal political and social rights.[2] It took its name from the city of Iguala in the modern-day state of Guerrero

Plan de Iguala

Iguala, known officially as Iguala de la Independencia, is a historic city located 102 km from the state capital of Chilpancingo, in the Mexican state of Guerrero in southwestern Mexico.