NATURE STEM Summer Camp 2016 By: Ann Vallie Robotics NATURE STEM Summer Camp 2016 By: Ann Vallie

Timeline 9:00 – 9:30 Cultural 9:30 – 10:00 Power Point 10:00 – 10:45 Activity 1 10:45- 11:00 break 11:00 -11:30 Activity 2 11:30 – 12:00 Activity 3 12:00 – 12:30 Lunch 12:30 – 1:00 Activity 4 1:00 – 2:00 Activity 5 2:00 – 2:30 Tour or You tube video 2:30 – 3:00 Wrap up

What is the History of Robots? The history of robots has its origins in the ancient world. The modern concept began to be developed with the onset of the Industrial Revolution which allowed for the use of complex mechanics and the subsequent introduction of electricity. This made it possible to power machines with small compact motors.

History of Robotics The history of robotics starts all the way back to the time of the ancient Chinese and Greeks, however most of the era of modern robotics starts at the beginning of the twentieth century. The start of robotics is made in Madison Square Garden, during the year of 1898, New York. This is where Nikola Tesla showed the world’s first tele-operated robot. His boat had a fully functioning electric motor, batteries, and his own design for a radio transmitter and receiver. In 1927, one of the first robots, and the first female robot, Maria was put on the big screen in Fritz Lang’s science fiction movie “Metropolis”         

History Cont. In 1936, Alan Turing introduces the concept of a theoretical computer called the Turing Machine. Despite being a fundamental advance in computer logic it also spawns new schools in Mathematics. In 1940, Issac Asimov produces a series of short stories about robots starting with "A Strange Playfellow" (later renamed "Robbie") for Super Science Stories magazine. The story is about a robot and its affection for a child that it is bound to protect. Over the next 10 years he produces more stories about robots that are eventually recompiled into the volume "I, Robot" in 1950.

History Cont. Asimov is generally credited with the popularization of the term "Robotics" which was first mentioned in his story "Runaround" in 1942. But probably Issac Asimov's most important contribution to the history of the robot is the creation of his Three Laws of Robotics: 1. A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. 2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. 3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. In 1946, George Devol patents a playback device for controlling robots In 1950,Alan Turing publishes Computing Machinery and Intelligence in which he proposes a test to determine whether or not a machine has gained the power to think for itself. It becomes known as the "Turing Test"

History Cont. In 1959, John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky established the artificial intelligence lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1961, the first modern robotic hand was created by Heinrich Erst. In 1962, the first robot was used in GM’s plant to do repetitive tasks, or do dangerous tasks. This robot was called Unimate. In 1966, the first mobile robot ever, which could react to its own actions, called shakey was made in Stanford’s lab. In 1969, Victor Scheinman created the Stanford Arm. In 1970, Victor also created the Stanford Cart, a device that could follow lines; this was a device that could build extremely small things.

History Cont. In 1974, Victor again made a leap in creating the silver arm; this made use of touch sensors. Robotics reached it’s more advanced stage in the latter half of the twentieth century. In 1976, Shigeo Hirose made a new robot, called the soft gripper, that could wrap around other objects. In 1977, NASA launched it’s highly automated voyager space probe. During the same year, the movie Star wars came out. In 1986, Honda started a humanoid robotics program that has had eleven versions up until 2008.

History Cont. During the end of the twentieth century, robots became more and more like humans, they began to distinguish sounds easily, could track moving objects, and even could digest organic matter. In 1999, SONY released its pet robotic dog that played music In the turn of the millennium, Honda released ASIMO. In the 2000’s, robots could be purchased by private owners, and could be programmed by people that were not particularly in the field of robotics. Also, during this time, robot competitions by high school students became popular. Robotics is an ever expanding field that holds the gateway to many things and can take us all wonderful places.

Pictures of Robotics

Activity 1 Virtual Robotics Lab www.mind.ilstu.edu/curriculum/virtual_robotics_lab/lab.html

Activity 2 Robot Hands A robot with only a few joints isn’t very flexible. A robot without sensors can’t feel or see anything. How a robot is designed and built puts limits on the kind of job it can do.

Activity 3 Mechanical grabber http://stem-works.com/external/activity/198

Activity 4 Program a friend It is easy to make mistakes when writing programs for robots. Programmers write a program, and then test it to find mistakes. If a bad instruction is found, they fix the problem and retest the program until it works correctly. This is called iterative testing.

Information on 3D printing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIPYMdxw4qU We will now take a tour of our 3D lab.