Do Now Innovation: The action of inventing something, typically a process (method) or device (machine). Thinking about history since the beginning of mankind, what do you think are the 3 most important inventions??

Industrial Revolution Phase 2: Innovations

Textiles (cloth) is the 1st Industry To Innovate Cottage Industries – goods were made in homes Women would spin the yarn and then slowly make the cloth – limited in size and it took a considerable amount of time

Speed Weaving 1733 John Kay invents the flying shuttle. Would “shoot” the yarn across the loom a FAST pace. Doubles the work a weaver can do and make wider cloth Before it would take 5 people to do the job of 1 person using the Flying Shuttle! Weaving Loom

Demand for Cloth Drives Innovation Demand for cotton cloth was HUGE but they couldn’t produce enough cloth 1764 James Hargrove invents Spinning Jenny which used 8 threads vs 1 in the cottage industry Better fabric (tighter weave)

Steam Engine 1765 James Watt invents the steam engine (remember from the video? Why did he invent it?) Makes for faster and more efficient energy Uses coal to boil water to create steam which moves the piston and turns the wheel creating energy

Water Power Yarn used in the Flying Jenny wasn’t very strong 1768 Water frames use water to to move the Flying Shuttle and Spinning Jenny STRONGER, Better yarn = better cotton fabric 1787 Edmund Cartwright creates power loom to improve speed (and quality) even more

Cotton Gin 1793 American inventor Eli Whitney creates the cotton gin. Before you’d have to pick the seeds off by HAND! 1793 American inventor Eli Whitney creates the cotton gin. Makes cleaning cotton faster. 1790 1.5 million lbs./year. 1810 85 million lbs./year. Knowing that this is an American invention, who do you think would be impacted the most by this invention?

The Beginning of the Factories Weaving Machines are expensive. Weaving moves out of homes and into factories. Knowing that a factory will need water and coal, where do you think the best place to build a new factory would be?

Steam Engines take to the Water John McAdam orders a steam engine from Watt. He attached steam engine to a boat creating the steamboat. Increased spread of transporting goods. Led to the creation of man made waterways (canals) in England and the US. It’s easier to move heavy things on water than roads – just ask the Ancient Egyptians!

Paved Roads Literally stuck in the mud! John McAdam designs a gravel (small stones) road so that heavy carts can use them without getting stuck in the mud. Roads owned privately. Have to pay to use them. (Making MONEY as always!!!)

Steam Engines take to the Rails Steam engine used to power trains by 1800. Can move thousands of pounds quickly. First railroad line opens in 1825 from Yorkshire coal fields (coal make the steam!) to the harbor at Stockton on the North Sea. Poor Horse!

Four Effects of Railroads 1. Spurs industrial growth. (Cheap transportation) 2. Creates hundreds of thousands of new jobs (working for the railroads, building the railroads, products being bought/sold that are moved by the railroads, coal production) 3. Boosted England's agricultural and fishing industries (can sell things in more places). 4. Travel is easier so people work farther from home. Do you think the railroad had a similar effect in America? Why or why not?

IR Invention Trading Cards You will be making a set of 8 trading cards for inventions made during the Industrial Revolution (1700 to 1910). You must make cards for the 6 inventions listed, and then you may choose any other invention for the other 2 cards (do a little bit of research on Google or use the textbook). Front Side of Card Name of the Invention Picture of the Invention (or something to do with the invention) Back Side of Card Who Invented it Name of the invention Description of the invention What it was used for Why it is important Inventions Seed drill – Jethro Tull Steam engine – James Watt Cotton gin – Eli Whitney Pasteurization – Louis Pasteur Spinning Jenny – James Hargreaves Flying Shuttle – John Kay (Invention of your choice)