Environmental Controls

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Presentation transcript:

Environmental Controls Lecture 10 Passive Thermal Systems

Passive Thermal Systems Genius Loci + Microclimate + Vernacular Precedent = Architectural form as an environmental control system

Passive Thermal Systems Genius Loci Environmental Forces Earth Wind Fire Water Mesa Verde: vernacular, passive solar, sun angles, thermal mass

Passive Thermal Systems Earth Contact Thermal mass Wind shelter Solar exposure BH061

Passive Thermal Systems Earthlike forms Thermal mass Wind shelter Solar “canyons” Marriot Library Salt Lake City, Utah

Passive Thermal Systems Earth-based materials Adobe, Brick, Stone Natural material source Thermal mass Locally available Traditional and modern uses

Passive Thermal Systems Earthscaping Natural materials Shelter/screening Locally available

Passive Thermal Systems Wind Wind Tower Wind scoop Evaporative cooling Thermal mass cooling BH092

Passive Thermal Systems Wind Warm air rises Attic ventilation Solar chimneys BH080

Passive Thermal Systems Fire Solar chimney Morse-Libby Mansion Portland, Maine Interior View:2019 ContentDM Exterior 332 ContentDM

Passive Thermal Systems Wind Air movement affects comfort Cross ventilation provides cooling BH002

Passive Thermal Systems Fire Solar Angles Summer & Winter solstices Verdant and Autumnal equinoxes BH008

Passive Thermal Systems Fire Skin Surface Effects Color Reflectivity Position BH040

Passive Thermal Systems Fire Skin Thermal Mass Increasing thermal mass delays heat penetration BH039

Passive Thermal Systems Fire Interior Solar Control Interior shading reduces depth of solar penetration but still admits heat BH024

Passive Thermal Systems Fire Site Solar Control Evergreen trees fairly constant Deciduous trees vary seasonally BH049

Passive Thermal Systems Fire Exterior Solar Control Sheltered openings (apertures) BH015

Passive Thermal Systems Water Evapotranspiration Landscaping elements provide moisture BH046

Passive Thermal Systems Water Interior plantings can give off/trap moisture Use according to local climate BH013

Passive Thermal Systems Water Evaporative cooling Water features add to evaporative cooling (but increase humidity) BH056

Passive Thermal Systems Water Air directed over or through water can provide cooling Use according to local climate BH050

Passive Thermal Systems Microclimate Exist naturally Building and landscaping can create micro-climates both indoors and outdoors BH051

Passive Thermal Systems Microclimate Fountain, recesses, and channeled breezes provide cooling Building controls exposure to onshore winds SF School of Design San Francisco, CA BH056

Passive Thermal Systems Microclimate Evaporative cooling Building exposed to surrounding landscape Pool, overhangs, and channeled breezes provide cooling Taliesin West Phoenix, AZ BH102

Passive Thermal Systems Vernacular Precedents Drawn from Genius Loci Can be adapted to contemporary design BH001

Passive Thermal Systems Genius Loci + Microclimate + Vernacular Precedent = Architectural form as an environmental control system