The Struggle for North America The French and Indian War to the American Revolution

French and Indian War 1754-1763 Three major wars leading up to the French and Indian War War of the League of Augsburg War of the Spanish Succession or Queen Anne’s War in North America War of Jenkin’s Ear

Causes of the French and Indian War Tensions resulting from the previous unsuccessful wars to control North America Desire of the British and French to control the Ohio Valley Va. Governor John Dinwitte ordered 21 year old Lt. George Washington to build a fort on the Allegany River Fort Duquesne

Causes Fort Necessity American militia and Indian allies 1755 British capture Nova Scotia General Edwin Braddock Colonel Washington and Benjamin Franklin favor guerrilla tactics 1755 Braddock and 900 British troops are killed in an ambush near Ft. Duquesne

War 1756 England and France officially declare war 1757 William Pitt sent 5000 troops to North America, began a naval blockade of Canada 1758 France’s Indian allies began to switch sides in return for English colonies accepting the Appalachians as their border Fort Duquesne fell and renamed Ft. Pitt, basis for the modern city of Pittsburgh

War and Peace 1759 Quebec fell to the British Spain entered the war on the side of the French 1760 Montreal fell to British King George III crowned 1763 France surrendered

Treaty of Paris British gained Canada France surrendered all territory east of the Mississippi Spain gave up Florida to Britain Louisiana given to Spain Large British national debt 100,000 British troops garrisoned in North America Quartering Act New North American taxes

Acts of 1763-1772 Proclamation Act of 1763 1764 Sugar Act Currency Act of 1764 1765 Stamp Act 1765 Quartering Act Sons and Daughters of Liberty March 5, 1770 Boston Massacre 1772 HMS Gaspee

1773-1775 Tea Act of 1773 Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts) 1774 First Continental Congress Concord and Lexington 1775 Second Continental Congress George Washington given command of the Continental Army

The Revolution June 17, 1775 Battle of Bunker Hill July 4, 1776 Declaration of Independence Aug. 1776 British force Colonial army out of New York and into New Jersey Dec. 25, 1776 First American victories at Trenton and Princeton

1777 Sept. 26 Philadelphia fell to British General Howe Oct. 7, 1777 Battle of Saratoga Valley Forge 1777-1778 France officially entered the war

1778 North Earl of Carlisle offers home rule Spain and the Netherlands enter the war General Henry Clinton abandoned Philadelphia June 28 Battle of Monmouth Courthouse Last major battle of the war in the north

1778-1781 South Dec. 18 Savannah fell to General Cornwallis Guerrilla warfare by Generals Daniel Green and Daniel Morgan March 29-May 12, 1780 Siege of Charleston, SC Oct. 7 Battle of King’s Mountain Jan. 17, 1781 Battle of Cowpens

End Game Sept. 28-Oct. 17, 1781 Yorktown 1783 Peace of Paris US received all territory east of the Mississippi River Florida returned to Spain Louisiana returned to France