Chapter 2 Section 3 Study Guide Answers

Political, cultural, and economic rights that all people should have human rights A set of basic beliefs of a religion doctrine

Places where culture spreads from-Cultural Hearth The spread of culture: Cultural Diffusion

An organization that keeps order, sets rules, and provides services for a society government Government with a king or queen that has total control over all aspects of society Absolute Monarchy

Type of religion that believes in multiple gods Polytheistic Type of religion that believes in one god Monotheistic

People who leave their country to escape persecution or disaster refugees Government with a king or queen that is limited by a written constitution or legislature Constitutional Monarchy

Way of life of a group of people who share common beliefs and customs culture   The total value of goods and services that a country produce Gross Domestic product (GDP)

A highly developed and organized culture civilization

  What type of government does a group of a few people have full control over a country? Oligarchy In what type of government does the government owns all property and is controlled by the Communist Party? Communist

What kind of government has citizens elect representatives to govern them democracy Define population density: # of people on average per square mile of an area

List and describe the four economic systems we discussed in class. Traditional economy: people trade goods and services without money Free enterprise economy: privately owned businesses create goods that people buy in markets. Also called market economy or capitalism Mixed Economy: has elements of both a free enterprise and command economy Command economy: the government owns most parts of the economy and decides what will be produced and sold List and describe the three economic sectors we discussed in class. Primary: involves taking raw materials from the soil or water Secondary: involves using raw materials to manufacture products Tertiary: includes services

List the reasons why the death rate is decreasing List the reasons why the death rate is decreasing. Better health care, better food and cleaner water  

What are the main religions we discussed? Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Sikhism, Hinduism

Who was the founder of Judaism? Abraham Who was the founder of Islam? Muhammad

Who was the founder of Christianity? Jesus Who was the founder of Buddhism? Siddhartha Guatama

What problems can result from population growth What problems can result from population growth? Some cities are dangerously overcrowded Diseases spread quickly in overcrowded area Not enough homes for everyone Increase in poverty Crime can become a problem Pollution can increase What is a limited government? How is it different from an unlimited government? A limited government does not have complete control over its citizens. Citizens have some individual rights and responsibilities. An unlimited government has complete control over every aspect of its citizens life (example dictatorship like North Korea)

List the major world religions we discussed and the name of their sacred texts if they have one Christianity: Bible Islam: Quran/Koran Judaism: the Torah Hinduism: Vedras Text ?

What is the main goal of the United Nations What is the main goal of the United Nations. Keep peace, develop friendly relationships among countries, protect human rights What kind of economy does the United States have? Mixed Economy

What is type of government has one person in power who rules society and controls all aspects of its citizen’s life? unlimited government (examples:dictatorship, absolute monarchy) What is the most practiced religion in the world? Christianity 2.3 billion followers

What are the 8 elements of culture? Provide an example of each type Social Groups (various groups with in a culture and how they interact, ethnic groups, religious groups, gender groups), Art (expression of a civilization), History (important historical events that have occurred in a civilization), government (who makes the rules of society, what type of government system does a society have), economy (what economic system do they have, how do they buy and sell goods, what do they make, how do they make it), daily life (what are the daily customs of a society? What they wear, how they greet one another, their habits, etc), language (language people speak), religion (the type of religion a civilization practices) What is cultural diffusion? Describe at least two ways cultural diffusion takes place- the spread of culture. It spreads through communication, war, trade, missionaries spreading the teachings

List the four factors of production and describe them Capital: a country's wealth and infrastructure Entrepreneurship: the creativity and risk needed to develop new goods and services Labor: the size and education level of the workforce Land : the natural resources used to produce goods and services What are FOUR economic indicators that show whether a country has a strong or weak economy? GDP, income, literacy rate, life expectancy

Describe the following religions: Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Islam, and Buddhism (their founder, where it is located, basic beliefs, religious text) Christianity: founder-Jesus, located on every continent, basic beliefs- there is one God and Jesus is the only son of God. He was crucified by was resurrected. Followers reach salvation by following the teachings of Jesus, religious text is the bible Judaism: Founder-Abraham, located in North America, Europe, Asia, South America. Basic beliefs- there is one God. People serve God by living according to his teachings, God handed down the Ten commandments to guide human behavior. Religious Text- Torah Hinduism: founder: unknown located- Asian (India), Basic beliefs: souls continue to be reborn, the cycle of rebirth ends only when the soul achieves enlightenment Religious Text: Vedas Text

Islam: founder: Muhammad. Located: Africa and Asia Islam: founder: Muhammad. Located: Africa and Asia. Basic beliefs: there is one God. Followers must follow the Five Pillars of Islam in order to achieve salvation religious Text: Koran/Quaran Buddhism: founder: Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha. Location: Asia, basic belief: people reach enlightenment by following the Eightfold Path and understanding the Four Noble Truths

What is the Declaration of Human Rights What is the Declaration of Human Rights? List at least two articles from the document. It is a document that states the rights that people should have. (know at least two of the articles that we read in class from the document. Example: Article 4: no one shall be held in slavery or servitude, Article 24: everyone has the right to rest and leisure. Article 26.1 everyone has the right to education

Describe Primary, secondary, and tertiary economic activities What is a culture region? A group of places that are united with common culture Describe Primary, secondary, and tertiary economic activities Primary: taking raw materials from the ground or ocean (examples farming, fishing) Secondary: using the raw materials to make a product (example-taking the wood and making a pencil or piece or paper) Tertiary: providing services (example: banking, selling paper, hospital, teaching)

Add: Representative Democracy is a type of government where citizens elect representatives to govern them What is urbanization? And why does it take place? Examples of unlimited gov: communism, absolute monarchy, dictatorship Examples of limited gov: democracy, constitutional monarchy