Energy Transformation Mrs. Brostrom Integrated Science C
Energy Energy is the capacity or ability to do work Work is the transfer of energy to an object by the application of a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force A force acting through a distance Exerts a force over a distance to move an object Work = force x distance
Units of Energy Force is measured in Newtons (N) Distance is measured in meters (m) Unit of work (energy) is a joule (J) If you lift an object weighing 200N through 2.0m distance how much work did you do? W = F x d W = 200N x 2.0m W = 400J work F d
The distance an object moves must be in the same direction the force applied to the object for work to be done
Two Types of Energy Kinetic energy (KE) Potential energy (PE)
Potential Energy Potential Energy (PE)- is the energy that an object has because of its position, shape, or condition of the object Elastic PE Stretched rubber band has potential to fly across room Gravitational PE Brick held above ground has potential to fall to ground
Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy (KE)- is the energy of an object due to the object’s motion All moving objects have kinetic energy The faster an object moves and the more mass the greater its kinetic energy Atoms and molecules have kinetic energy
6 Forms OF ENERGY Chemical Electrical Mechanical Nuclear Radiant Thermal
What is Mechanical Energy? the amount of work an object can do because of the object’s KE and PE The bowling ball has mechanical energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred to the pins!
What is Chemical Energy? the energy that is released when a compound reacts to produce new compounds Type of potential energy Photosynthesis/ respiration
What is Electrical Energy? Energy caused by the movement of electrons Easily transported through power lines and converted into other forms of energy
What is Electromagnetic Energy? Light energy photosynthesis Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands
What is Thermal Energy? Heat energy The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are. A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement.
The Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but may change from one form to another Energy cannot appear or disappear Energy can be transferred as work or heat net change in energy = the energy transferred as work or heat
ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY QUIZ TIME! What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven? ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY What type of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven? MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines. When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transform into what type of energy? MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME! What energy transformation occurs when an electric lamp is turned on? ELECTRICAL ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY
What types of energy are shown below? Mechanical and Thermal Energy (Don’t forget friction)
What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy
What types of energy are shown below? Electrical, Mechanical and Electromagnetic Energy
What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy (yummy)
What type of energy is shown below? Thermal Energy
Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a car from starting vehicle to driving. You should have 5 different types of energy.
Energy Transfer Sound (mechanical) Electrical Thermal Mechanical Chemical Electrical Light (Electromagnetic)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ASLLiuejAo&feature=related Bill Nye “Energy” video clip 2:01