Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage

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Presentation transcript:

Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage Eric K Birks, DVM, PhD, Mary M Durando, DVM, PhD, Steve McBride, DVM, MS  Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice  Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 87-100 (April 2003) DOI: 10.1016/S0749-0739(02)00068-8

Fig. 1 Relation between endoscopic exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage bleeding score and finish position for Thoroughbreds (open bars) and Standardbreds (solid bars). (Adapted from Birks EK, Shuler KM, Soma LR, et al. EIPH: postrace endoscopic evaluation of Standardbreds and Thoroughbreds. Equine Vet J Suppl 2002;34:375–8; with permission.) Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice 2003 19, 87-100DOI: (10.1016/S0749-0739(02)00068-8)

Fig. 2 Electron micrograph of equine pulmonary capillary showing stress failure of capillary endothelium (arrows). Note erythrocytes in alveolar space (arrowheads). c=capillary lumen; a=alveolar space. Bar=2 μm. (Adapted from Birks EK, Mathieu Costello O, Fu Z, et al. Very high pressures are required to cause stress failure of pulmonary capillaries in Thoroughbred racehorses. J Appl Physiol 1997;82:1584–92; with permission.) Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice 2003 19, 87-100DOI: (10.1016/S0749-0739(02)00068-8)

Fig. 3 Plot of the number of endothelial breaks per millimeter of capillary boundary in lung samples taken from dorsal (solid circles) and ventral portions of left caudal lung lobes. Values are means±SEM. (Adapted from Birks EK, Mathieu Costello O, Fu Z, et al. Very high pressures are required to cause stress failure of pulmonary capillaries in Thoroughbred racehorses. J Appl Physiol 1997;82:1584–92; with permission.) Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice 2003 19, 87-100DOI: (10.1016/S0749-0739(02)00068-8)

Fig. 4 Relation between mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and the number of erythrocytes (RBC) per milliliter recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Values are observations from an individual horse, except for n=4 for the point representing the resting condition (mPAP ∼30 mm Hg). (Adapted from Meyer TS, Fedde MR, Gaughan EM, et al. Quantification of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage with bronchoalveolar lavage. Equine Vet J 1998;30:284–8; with permission.) Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice 2003 19, 87-100DOI: (10.1016/S0749-0739(02)00068-8)

Fig. 5 Lateral radiograph of the thorax of a 5-year-old Thoroughbred racehorse taken the day after racing, in which the horse was noted to have moderate epistaxis. Note the increased interstitial density in the dorsocaudal lung field. Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice 2003 19, 87-100DOI: (10.1016/S0749-0739(02)00068-8)