Selected groups of the body’s muscles

origin and insertion Major concepts of muscle’s actions 1- Each muscle has to be supplied by a nerve 2- For a muscle to produce a movement it has to cross over a joint 3- Muscles are attached to bones through points of attachments called origin and insertion 4- Usually the (insertion) moves towards the origin during contraction of the muscle 5- During contraction usually the muscle fibers shorten and this results in puling the insertion towards the origin over a joint

All muscles of the face are (CRANIAL NERVE NUMBER 7) Selected muscles ORBICULARIS OCULI ORBICULARIS ORIS Buccinator All muscles of the face are innervated by THE FACIAL NERVE (CRANIAL NERVE NUMBER 7)

The patient will not be able to close his eye on the affected side Facial Muscle Paralysis (Bell's palsy) will cause distortion of the face drooping of the lower eyelid, and the angle of the mouth will sag on the affected side. The patient will not be able to close his eye on the affected side .

MUSCLES OF THE EYE There are two groups of muscles within the orbit: 1-extrinsic muscles of eyeball (extra-ocular muscles) 2-intrinsic muscles within the eyeball, which control the shape of the lens and size of the pupil The extrinsic muscles include THE LEVATOR PALPEBRAE SUPERIORIS SUPERIOR RECTUS INFERIOR RECTUS MEDIAL RECTUS LATERAL RECTUS SUPERIOR OBLIQUE INFERIOR OBLIQUE Superior Inferior Lateral medial The intrinsic muscles include THE CILIARY MUSCLE THE SPHINCTER PUPILLAE THE DILATOR PUPILLAE 6 muscles 4 recti muscles 2 oblique muscles Superior inferior 7muscles + 1 levator palpebrae superioris

Nerve supply: Trochlear nerve 1-LEVATOR PALPEBRAE SUPERIORIS Nerve supply: Oculomotor nerve Actions:Elevation of upper eyelid 2-SUPERIOR RECTUS Nerve supply: Oculomotor nerve 3-INFERIOR RECTUS Nerve supply: Oculomotor nerve 4-MEDIAL RECTUS Nerve supply : Oculomotor nerve branch 5-Lateral rectus Nerve supply: Abducent nerve [VI] Action: Abduction of eyeball 6-Superior oblique Nerve supply: Trochlear nerve 7-INFERIOR OBLIQUE Nerve supply: Oculomotor nerve branch

by the oculomotor nerve (3) All the muscles of the eye are innervated by the oculomotor nerve (3) except: 1-The lateral rectus (LR) which is supplied by THE ABDUCENT NERVE (CRANIAL NERVE 6) 2- The superior oblique muscle(SO) which is supplied by THE TROCHLEAR NERVE(4) All THE MUSCLES OF THE EYE are supplied by cranial nerve number (3) except (SO4+ LR6)

Muscles that connect the arm to the body

Site for intermuscular injections Trapezius muscle Deltoid muscle Site for intermuscular injections

Pectoralis major Flexes the shoulder joint

Sternocleidomastoid flexes the cervical portion of the vertebral column and flexes the head.

Muscles Of The Upper Limbs 1- Muscles of the arm 2- Muscles of the forearm

1-Biceps brachii 2-Brachialis 3-Coracobrachialis Brachialis is The muscles of the arm are divided into two groups: A- Muscles located in front of the humerus bone (in the anterior compartment). FLEXORS COMPARTMENT 1-Biceps brachii 2-Brachialis BBC group 3-Coracobrachialis Brachialis is the main flexor of the elbow joint

innervated by the Musculocutaneous nerve The BBC group is innervated by the Musculocutaneous nerve

Only one muscle but it has three heads B-Muscles located behind the humerus (in the posterior compartment) EXTENSOR COMPARTMENT Only one muscle but it has three heads 1-Triceps brachii The main Extensor of the elbow joint The triceps is supplied by the radial nerve

MEDIAL Notice that the brachial artery lies immediately to The rounded tendon of the Biceps brachii Remember that you can feel the Pulse there

The bicipital aponeurosis (the flat tendon of the biceps brachii) separates the superficially located median cubital vein from the deeply located brachial artery

usually targeted by medical personal for different purposes) Just for reading Notice that the median cubital vein (the vein that is usually targeted by medical personal for different purposes) is surrounded by superficial cutaneous nerves; the lateral cutaneous nerve and medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm

(Flexors) (Extensors) Muscles of the forearm The muscles of the forearm are located in two groups A- muscles of anterior compartment of the forearm (Flexors) B- muscles of the posterior compartment (Extensors)

The flexor digitorum profundus is supplied by: Selected muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm 1-Flexor digitorum profundus This muscle is responsible for the Flexion of the distal phalanx of the medial four fingers Flexor digitorum profundus The flexor digitorum profundus is supplied by: 1-Median nerve 2-Ulnar nerve

2- Flexor Carpi Radialis This muscle flexes the wrist joint Is supplied by the median nerve THE RADIAL ARTERY Notice that lateral to its (flexor carpi radialis muscle) tendon passes THE RADIAL ARTERY Remember that you can feel the pulse of the radial artery there

Is supplied by the radial nerve Selected muscles of the posterior compartment Extensor digitorum This muscle extends the fingers Is supplied by the radial nerve

You have three options: 1-Musclocutaneous 2-Median nerve 3-Ulnar nerve Summary of the motor nerves of the upper limbs Muscles located in the anterior compartment of the arm and forearm Muscles located in posterior compartment of the arm and forearm You have three options: 1-Musclocutaneous 2-Median nerve 3-Ulnar nerve You have only one option: The radial nerve or its deep branch If the muscle is located in the anterior compartment of the arm then it has to be supplied by the Musculocutaneous nerve If the muscle is located in the anterior compartment of the forearm then it has to be supplied by the Median nerve except: the flexor carpi ulnaris and the lateral half of the flexor digitorum profundus, thye are supplied by the ulnar nerve

Muscles of the anterior wall of the abdomen

Muscles of the Abdomenal wall Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis