Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Definitions ______________________________- the structure of the body parts (a.k.a. Morphology) _______________________________- the function of the body parts..what they do and how they do it

Characteristics of Life __________________________ self initiated change in position, motion of internal parts __________________________(irritability)- Ability to sense changes within, or around the organism and react to those changes ____________________________increase in body size ____________________________Production of new organisms ____________________________obtaining oxygen (O2), using it to release energy from food substances, and getting rid of wastes

Continued.. _______________________________chemically changing (breaking down) food substances, and getting rid of wastes _______________________________passage of digested products through membranes and into body fluids _______________________________movement of substances throughout the body _______________________________changing absorbed substances into chemically different substances _______________________________removal of wastes ** Create a mental picture of yourself doing these things to help you remember

Mental Mapping I am walking to McDonalds I stop at the traffic light My body is growing I am breathing air I get a hamburger and eat it My body absorbs the hamburger The hamburger travels throughout my body The hamburger is changed into things my body needs Eventually, I go to the bathroom Someday I may produce offspring

Other Characteristics Metabolism = all the ______________________and _______________________changes Bodily Needs = _________________________= tendency of the body to maintain a stable, balanced, internal environment (sameness)

Levels of organization

Atom Molecule/Compound – Organelle – Cell – Tissue – Organ – Organ System – Organism –

General Organization ___________________Skeleton– head, neck, and trunk Appendicular Skeleton– Several body cavities Layers of membranes within Cavities Variety of organs and organ Systems within cavtities - (________________= internal organs)

Body planes __________________________: Plane that runs down through the body, dividing the body into left and right portions. Subsections of the sagittal plane include: ______________________ runs through the median plane and divides along the line of symmetry _______________________ is parallel to midline but does not divide into equal left and right portions. _______________________________ Plane that runs perpendicular to the sagittal plane and divides the body into anterior and posterior (front and back) portions. _________________________________: Horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions; also called cross-section.

Body Cavities

Subdivision of the Abdomen