Empirical and Actual Formulas

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Presentation transcript:

Empirical and Actual Formulas Section 4 Determining Chemical Formulas Chapter 7 Empirical and Actual Formulas

Section 4 Determining Chemical Formulas Chapter 7 Empirical formula - subscripts show the smallest whole-number mole ratio of the different atoms in the compound. For a molecular compound, the empirical formula does not necessarily indicate the actual numbers of atoms present in each molecule. example: the empirical formula of the gas diborane is BH3, but the molecular formula is B2H6.

Chapter 7 Sample Problem L Section 4 Determining Chemical Formulas Chapter 7 Sample Problem L Quantitative analysis shows that a compound contains 32.38% sodium, 22.65% sulfur, and 44.99% oxygen. Find the empirical formula of this compound.

Calculation of Molecular Formulas Section 4 Determining Chemical Formulas Chapter 7 Calculation of Molecular Formulas Empirical formula - contains the smallest possible whole numbers that describe the atomic ratio. Molecular formula - actual formula of a molecular compound. x(empirical formula) = molecular formula

Comparing Empirical and Molecular Formulas Section 4 Determining Chemical Formulas Chapter 7 Comparing Empirical and Molecular Formulas

Comparing Molecular and Empirical Formulas Visual Concepts Comparing Molecular and Empirical Formulas Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

Chapter 7 Sample Problem N Section 4 Determining Chemical Formulas Chapter 7 Sample Problem N In Sample Problem M, the empirical formula of a compound of phosphorus and oxygen was found to be P2O5. Experimentation shows that the molar mass of this compound is 283.89 g/mol. What is the compound’s molecular formula?