The Urinary System Warm Up Section 2 Your blood must be cleaned regularly. Without looking in your textbook, guess how the body cleans the blood. Think about what organs might be used to clean your blood. Do you know what medical procedure you must undergo if your body is no longer able to clean it’s own blood? Write your answers in your science binder, and then check your answer against the textbook. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

The Urinary System Cleaning the Blood Section 2 The Job of the Urinary System As your body performs the chemical activities that keep you alive, waste products, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia, are made. Your body has to get rid of these waste products to stay healthy. The urinary system removes these waste products from the blood. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

The Urinary System The Kidneys as Filters Section 2 Kidneys The kidneys are a pair of organs that constantly clean the blood. Your kidneys filter about 2,000 L of blood each day. Nephrons Nephrons are microscopic filters in the kidney that remove wastes from the blood. Nephrons remove many harmful substances. One of the most important substances removed by nephrons is urea, which contains nitrogen and is formed when cells use protein for energy. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

How the Kidney’s Filter Blood Section 2 How the Kidney’s Filter Blood Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – navy 28 points Arial Bold Body text – black 24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – navy Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_white.jpg Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

The Urinary System Water In, Water Out Section 2 Sweat and Thirst The evaporation of sweat cools you down. As the water content of the blood drops, the salivary glands produce less saliva, resulting in thirst. Antidiuretic Hormone When you get thirsty, antidiuretic hormone is released. This hormone signals the kidneys to take water from the nephrons and return it to the body. Diuretics Some beverages contain caffeine, which is a diuretic. Diuretics cause the kidneys to make more urine, which decreases the amount of water in the blood. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Urinary System Problems Section 2 The Urinary System Urinary System Problems Bacterial Infections Bacteria can get into the bladder and ureters through the urethra and cause painful infections. Kidney Stones Sometimes, salts and other wastes collect inside the kidneys and form kidney stones. Kidney Disease Damage to nephrons can prevent normal kidney functioning and can lead to kidney disease. If kidneys do not function properly, a kidney machine can be used to filter waste from the blood. Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold Title – yellow 28 points Arial Bold Body text – white24 points Arial and Arial Bold Bullets – yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Background name: HST-Presentation_blue.jpg, Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0" End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.