Conflicts of Empire: Unrest and Revolution Wayne Davidson M.Ed Da Vinci School for Science and the Arts

Bellwork Why do you think that Spain considered the United States a threat to their territories in North America?

The Philip Nolan Expedition 1791: U.S. citizen Philip Nolan enters Texas as a mustang trader. Enters Texas three times with permission of the Spanish government.

The Philip Nolan Expedition Spanish officials hear rumors Nolan is an American spy 1800:Enters Texas without permission. Spanish soldiers will attempt to arrest him.

The Philip Nolan Expedition Nolan resists and is killed. Most of his men are captured or imprisoned. Elis P. Bean-The only one of Nolan's men to return to the U.S. alive. Elis P. Bean Texas Filibuster

The Philip Nolan Expedition Filibusters-military adventurers. Most wanted to free Texas, or all of Mexico from Spain, others were just looking for quick wealth.

The Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition September 16, 1810- Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a priest in Dolores, Mexico rang a bell and called for an end to Spanish rule. Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

The Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition Father Hidalgo helped start the Mexican Revolution with his Grito de Delores Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

The Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition 1811: Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla is captured and executed by the Spanish. Mexican stamp commemorating the 250th anniversary of the birth of Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

The Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition José Bernando Gutiérrez de Lara decides to attack Texas after the death of Father Hidalgo Hoped to use Texas as a base to fight for Mexican independence Statue of José Bernando Gutiérrez de Lara

The Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition With secret support from the U.S., Gutiérrez went to Louisiana to raise a private army. There he was introduced to Augustus William Magee, a former U.S. Army officer-together they raised an army of 130 volunteers-and called themselves the Republican Army of the North

The Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition Augustus William Magee-leader of the Republican Army of the North With the secret support of the U.S. government, the Republican Army of the North, invaded Mexico in August 1812

The Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition The RAON takes control of Nacogdoches and gains more volunteers Mid-September: army captures the Presidio at La Bahía. During this battle, Magee is killed. 800 Spanish soldiers will lay siege to the Presidio

The Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition Siege-Military blockade of a city or fort The Spanish army fails to take control of fort. March 1813: The RAON attacks and defeats a Spanish force of 1200 men. In the aftermath of the battle, a group of Spanish troops and officers are ruthlessly executed.

The Green Flag Over Texas April 6, 1813: José Bernando Gutiérrez de Lara declares Texas independence from Spain

The Green Flag Over Texas The first Texas Revolution failed in part because sharp disagreements among volunteers weakened the Republican Army.

The Green Flag Over Texas Brutal execution of several Spanish soldiers will cause several soldiers to leave. Differences between Gutiérrez and volunteers over Texas’ fate leading to his removal.

The Green Flag Over Texas April 1813: The rebellion is crushed by Spanish General Jose Joaquín de Arredondo at the battle of Medina Creek. All remaining RAON members are summarily executed. Fighting under the command of General Arredondo is a young Lieutenant named Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. Spanish General Jose Joaquín de Arredondo

Pirates and Rebels on the Coast Henry Perry-Filibuster who moved into Texas in 1815 and set up a base on Galveston Island June 1817: Killed when attempting to take La Bahía

Pirates and Rebels on the Coast Jean Lafitte-French pirate, based in Galveston, who had fought for the U.S. in the War of 1812

The Long Expeditions Dr. James Long: U.S. citizen from Mississippi Angry about the Adams- Onís treaty-believed that Texas should be independent or a part of the United States

The Long Expeditions First invasion: unsuccessful Second invasion: killed Jane Long-wife, returned to United States after death of husband. Would go on to become known as The Mother of Texas