Cell Anatomy Super-Dooper Cell Notes

Cell Basic Unit of structure and function of all living things All cells have little organs, called Organelles, inside.

Cell Parts or Organelles Nucleus: “Control Center” Contains the genetic information “DNA” Usually near the middle (center) of the cell surrounded by a nuclear membrane Nucleoli : Place where ribosomes are made.

Parts of a Cell Cell (Plasma) Membrane--”gatekeeper” Lets some things in and somethings out Encloses the cell (double layer of fat and proteins)

Cell Membrane See figure 3.2 page 58

Cell Parts (cont.) Cytoplasm: “Living stuff” All the chemical reactions take place here! Jello-like fluid that gives the cell shape and holds the organelles (little organs).

Cell Parts (cont.) Mitochondria- “Powerhouse” Respiration center--sugar is burned to create Energy!

Cell Parts (cont.) Ribosomes: “protein factories” Proteins are made here!! Think spots or dots!

Cell Parts (cont.) Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-”Canal System” Rough ER: Circulatory system for carrying things around the cell carries ribosomes that make protein. Smooth ER-no ribosomes But makes cholesterol and fats and detoxifies drug

Cell Parts (cont.) Golgi Apparatus stack of flattened sacs Traffic director for modifying and packaging proteins to be sent around the cells. It puts the address on the protein

Cell Parts (cont.) Lysosome - “Garbage disposal, suicide sac” Contain digestive enzymes to break up worn out cell parts and invaders like bacteria Sometimes digest really bad stuff and die so the cell can live. Look like waffles

Peroxisome Membrane sacs containing enzymes to detoxify harmful substances and disarm free radicals. Destroys free radicals.

Cell Parts (cont.) Cytoskeleton- “Wonder bra” Gives cell support and shape Helps cells to move

Cell Parts (cont.) Centrioles - “cellular churros” Helps cells to divide Lie close to the nucleus

Cilia Whip substances along like mucus in the respiratory system being whip up from the lungs. Cell projections like hairs

Flagella Longer than cilia. They move cells along Example is the tail on the sperm

Microvilli Finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the cell

Cell Parts (cont.) Vacuole- “Water Tower” Stores water Look like bubbles