FLUE GAS SCRUBBERS LIMESTONE SCRUBBING AT LOW TEMPERATURE DESIGNED FOR 90% REMOVAL COMMERCIALLY PROVEN, COST = $200/KW (vs. $1000/KW for ENTIRE POWER PLANT) REQUIRES THROWAWAY BYPRODUCT (e.g., CaS04) FOR NEAR-TERM APPLICATION 6-8 % LOSS IN THERMAL EFFICIENCY

DOLOMITE INJECTION REMOVAL OF SO2 SIMULTANEOUS WITH COMBUSTION CaCO3 SERVES AS A SCAVENGER FOR SO2 (PRODUCES CaSO4 THROWAWAY PRODUCT) REQUIRES LOW TEMPERATURE 1600 ºF HANDLES HIGH ASH COALS LOWER EMISSIONS OF NOX, TRACE METALS ATTRACTIVE FOR SMALLER POWER PLANTS (LESS THAN 100 MW)

PREDICTIONS(MADE IN 1990) ? COAL COMBUSTION WILL CONTINUE AS THE DOMINANT MODE OF COAL UTILIZATION DURING THE REST OF THIS CENTURY. SYNTHETIC FUELS WILL BECOME POPULAR AGAIN IN THE FUTURE (HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF) – PERHAPS 10 YEARS FROM NOW, THE U.S.A WILL HAVE ANOTHER ENERGY “CRISIS”. 3. PREDICTIONS FOR 2010?