Active Transport Section 7:3 Part II

Active Transport A. Moving molecules up the concentration gradient, from LOW to HIGH. B. Takes energy in the form of ATP. Cell membrane pumps A. Carrier proteins assist in active transport B. Called protein pumps C. Move Sodium-potassium in and out. 1. The protein transports Sodium outside the cell and potassium ions inside the cell, up their concentration gradient, creating a positive charge inside the cell.

Endocytosis A. Process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules and large particles. B. External materials are bound in a vesicle and transported into the cell. C. Two types 1. Pinocytosis – involves transport of small solutes or fluids, forming a vacuole/vesicle within the cells body 2. Phagocytosis – Involves engulfing large particles or whole cells outside the cells body, forming a vacuole/vesicle around it, pulling it inside the cell.

a. Phagocytes ingest foreign material that invade the body 4. Exocytosis A. Reverse of Endocytosis, where vesicles fuse to the cell membrane releasing their contents. 1. Vesicle – a membrane-bound sac that contains materials involved in Endocytosis, Exocytosis or transport within the cell body.