Info-Sculpture An effort towards heritage preservation A.Chatterjee,Sr.Research Engineer Dr.Sanjay G.Dhande, Professor Indian Institute of Technology,Kanpur, India 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Introduction: An approach of digitally mapping of geometry of sculpture is unique in our country. Information Technology in India has come a long way during last decade but it’s applications are yet to reach different areas of our society and one such area is heritage preservation. Sculpture in any museum or in art gallery is the heart of the cultural-heritage of a country. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Contd… It is always found that cultural-heritage is in constant danger due to environmental aging and man made disasters. So a new need has been felt for the documentation and obtaining the geometrical models in this field. Advancement of new Scanning Technologies combined with advanced Reverse Engg. tools and Rapid Prototyping has offered us an opportunity to do this. Info-Sculpture project is an effort of IIT-Kanpur towards this direction. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Objective: To record and archive the morphological features of heritage artifacts from the past culture, Process these features using modern software tools and to create a knowledge based information system, Exploring the potential of 3D vision for application in heritage or as input to virtual reality environment, and Geometric modeling for reconstruction and regeneration of artifacts. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Kausambi School of Art: Department of Ancient History, Allahabad University Kausambi was the capital of Vamsa and the scene of several important events in the Buddha's life. It has one of Asoka's pillar and a little further on the ruins of the Ghositarama, first built during the Buddha's lifetime. The huge ancient ramparts of the city though now all in ruins are also interesting. Department of Ancient History, Allahabad University, has an extensive collection of the minor antiquities found at Kosambi. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Mathura Museum: The museum enjoys an enviable position among the museums of India.The rich collection of art preserved in the galleries of this museum, furnishes Indian cultural ethos and aesthetic excellence. Mathura museum is situated in Uttar Pradesh, 150 Kms from New Delhi. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Methodology: Data Acquisition Point cloud Processing Prototype Point cloud capturing: using digital optical scanner Point cloud processing: Alignment, polygonization, hole filling, healing, etc, Prototyping: using Rapid prototyping technology 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

ATOS Standard Digital Optical Scanner System used: ATOS Standard Digital Optical Scanner 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Stratasys FDM 1650 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Physical Model Digitized Model RP Model 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Findings 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

(b) Related information From Mathura Museum: Sculpture Material Buff Stone Height 74 cm Period 10th Century A.D Total points obtained (After processing) 4,00,000. Processing Time 3 Hrs Time Taken to scan 4 Hrs Point cloud data of Surya (b) Related information of Surya 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

(b) Related information Contd…. Sculpture Material Red Sand Stone Height 69 cm Period 1h Century A.D Total points obtained (After processing) 4,00,000. Processing Time 2 Hrs Time Taken to scan 4 Hrs (b) Related information of Buddha Point cloud data of Buddha 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

(b) Related information Contd…. Sculpture Material Red Sand Stone Height 61 cm Period 2h Century A.D Total points obtained (After processing) 3,00,000 Processing Time 2 Hrs Time Taken to scan 4.5 Hrs Point cloud data of Squeezing Lady (b) Related information of Squeezing Lady 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

(b) Related information of Contd…. Sculpture Material Black clay Height 30 cm Period 2nd Century BC Total points obtained (After processing) 10,000. Processing Time 0.5 Hrs Time Taken to scan 1 Hrs (b) Related information of Mother Goddess Point cloud data of Mother Goddess 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

(b) Related information of From Allahabad University Museum: Sculpture Material Clay ( Terracotta ) Height 18 cm Total points obtained (After processing) 5,98,710 Processing Time 1.5 Hrs Time Taken to scan 2 Hrs Point cloud data of The Lamp of Lord Buddha (b) Related information of Lamp 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

(b) Related information of Sculpture Material Red Stone Height 49 cm Total points obtained (After processing) 18,06,131 Processing Time 2 Hrs Time Taken to scan 2.5 Hrs (b) Related information of Standing Buddha Point cloud data of Standing Buddha 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

(b) Related information of Sculpture Material Red Stone Height 77 cm Total points obtained (Before processing) Processing Time 6 Hrs Time Taken to scan 4 Hrs 1,85,86,250 (b) Related information of Gajlaxmi Point cloud data of Gajlaxmi 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

(b) Related information of Sculpture Material Red Stone Height 80 cm Total points obtained (Before processing) 1,76,87,159 Processing Time 6 Hrs Time Taken to scan 4.5 Hrs (b) Related information of Hariti Point cloud data of Hariti 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Effect on Society: The database of artifacts in digital form can be used in future modification work and replication. The technology under study will allow artists, sculptors, archaeologists, and researchers to view, analyze, and even reproduce artifacts digitally. The models thus created can form archives, which could be manipulated at any time to view, edit or fabricate. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Contd… The future generations will have the records in digital form which is not subject to environment decay and vulnerable for deterioration as original sculpture is and thus it would be a permanent record in years to come. The work of this kind will be immensely helpful to the researchers in history and archeology now and in future. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Research issues: How do you store 1000 Giga Bytes? If we take cost Rs. 100 per GB Total cost to store, let us say 1000 GB will be = 1000 GB * Rs 100 per GB = Rs. 1,00,000 And no library can afford to spend so much money for single work. So it is proposed that 3D data must be stored centrally with Government aid. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Contd… How should the 3-D work be catalogued? In case of 2D Images indexing may be done by catalogue containing thumbnail images. But in case of 3D,thumbnails should be interactive allowing the library user to examine the work from all the angles. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Contd… Can bytes live longer than marbles? In case of 2-D works the images can be printed on paper at high resolution. In the event the digital archive becomes un- readable, it can be re-constructed. 3-D models have no natural printed representation. RP technology could be used to make physical replica but cost of such replica is high and size of large prototype is limited also.Thus it is important to preserve model digitally . 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Contd… 3D digital watermarking There is small growing body of literature on 3D digital watermarking as proposed for 2D images. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Contd… Piracy detection If we have technology that will search for specific 3D models on the web and 3D watermarking technique is available, piracy for 3D models can then be detected. 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur References: [1]:The Great Buddha Project: Modeling Cultural Heritage through Observation CAD Center, Tokyo, Japan. [2]:Digital Michel Angelo Project, Stanford University. [3]:Master Pieces from Mathura Museum- Jitendra Prasad [4]:Digital Sculpture( www.sculpture.org ) [5]: http://www.iitk.ac.in/MLAsia/infosculpt.htm [6]: ATOS Users Manual 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur

Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur Thanks ! 27-Apr-19 Media Lab Asia @IIT Kanpur