Phenotype gain and loss dynamics match protein family dynamics. Phenotype gain and loss dynamics match protein family dynamics. Shown are the phenotype-protein family gain and loss dynamics for families identified as important by Traitar for the L-arabinose phenotype. Signed colored circles along the tree branches depict protein family gains (+) or losses (−). Taxon nodes are colored according to their inferred (ancestral) phenotype state. Aaron Weimann et al. mSystems 2016; doi:10.1128/mSystems.00101-16