Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages (December 2000)

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Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages 943-955 (December 2000) Cloning, sequencing and analysis of the enterocin biosynthesis gene cluster from the marine isolate ‘Streptomyces maritimus’: evidence for the derailment of an aromatic polyketide synthase Jörn Piel, Christian Hertweck, Paul R Shipley, Deanna M Hunt, Mark S Newman, Bradley S Moore Chemistry & Biology Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages 943-955 (December 2000) DOI: 10.1016/S1074-5521(00)00044-2

Figure 1 Proposed biosynthetic pathway from benzoyl-CoA to enterocin and the wailupemycins. Chemistry & Biology 2000 7, 943-955DOI: (10.1016/S1074-5521(00)00044-2)

Figure 2 Organization of the enterocin biosynthetic gene cluster (enc) in ‘S. maritimus’. Each arrow represents the direction of transcription of an ORF. Chemistry & Biology 2000 7, 943-955DOI: (10.1016/S1074-5521(00)00044-2)

Figure 3 Possible biosynthetic pathways leading to benzoic acid in ‘S. maritimus’. Route A, β-oxidative degradation; route B, retro-aldol degradation with a possible additional chain extension performed by the thiolase EncJ. Chemistry & Biology 2000 7, 943-955DOI: (10.1016/S1074-5521(00)00044-2)

Figure 4 Phylogenetic tree of EncH, EncN and related acyl- and aryl-CoA ligases. Sequences were retrieved from GenBank (accession numbers given in parentheses) and aligned with ClustalX. The scale bar indicates 0.1 changes per nt. Chemistry & Biology 2000 7, 943-955DOI: (10.1016/S1074-5521(00)00044-2)

Figure 5 Alignment of homologues to EncM around the conserved FAD-binding histidine. Sequence identification codes are Smari_EncM, ‘S. maritimus’ EncM; Bsubt_YgaK, Bacillus subtilis hypothetical protein YgaK (accession number CAB04812); Bsubt_YvdP, B. subtilis hypothetical protein YvdP (CAB08045); Mtu_Rv1736, Mycobacterium tuberculosum hypothetical protein Rv1736 (CAB03710); Slave_McmM, Streptomyces lavendulae McmM (AAD32736); Slave_MitR, S. lavendulae MitR (AAD28454); Aox_6HDNO, A. oxidans 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase (448109); Ath_F19I3, Arabidopsis thaliana putative berberine bridge enzyme (AAD25758); Speuc_DnrW, Streptomyces peucetius DnrW (AAD00354). Chemistry & Biology 2000 7, 943-955DOI: (10.1016/S1074-5521(00)00044-2)

Figure 6 LC-APCI-MS traces of engineered polyketides from (1) S. lividans K4-114 (pSEK4), (2) S. lividans K4-114 (pSEK4/pCH20), and (3) S. lividans K4-114 (pRM5). HPLC was monitored at 254 nm. Chromatographic peaks labeled with letters ‘a’ (MH+=301) and ‘b’ (MH+=285) are uncharacterized polyketides. Chemistry & Biology 2000 7, 943-955DOI: (10.1016/S1074-5521(00)00044-2)

Figure 7 (A) SDS–polyacrylamide gel showing the MBP-EncR purified protein preparation. Lane 1: molecular weight markers; lane 2: cell-free preparation; lane 3: MBP-EncR (calculated molecular weight is 86.6 kDa). (B) HPLC traces of standards 5-deoxyenterocin (chromatogram 1) and enterocin (chromatogram 2) and the MBP-EncR catalyzed reaction mixture (chromatogram 3). Chemistry & Biology 2000 7, 943-955DOI: (10.1016/S1074-5521(00)00044-2)