Unit 0 Chapters 1, 2 and 3 Mr. Crofoot - Chemistry

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 1: Measurements
Advertisements

Ch. 2 section 1-2 answers.
Measurements Scientific Notation Significant Figures
Scientific Measurement
Chapter 3 Scientific Measurement
Mathematical Fundamentals. SI System Standard International System of measurement – metrics Has seven base units and many other units derived from these.
Flashcards for Unit 1. Anything that has mass & occupies space. Matter.
 One of the key parts of the scientific method is the ability to make measurements.  If I told you a measurement was What would be your response?
Flashcards for Unit 1. Anything that has mass & occupies space. Matter.
Chapter 3: Scientific Measurement
Measurements and Calculations
Math is the language of science Data Analysis Ch. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3.
Chapter 2 Data Analysis. I. SI Units Scientists adopted a system of standard units so all scientists could report data that could be reproduced and understood.
Metric Base Units Meter (m) – length Kilogram (kg) – mass Kelvin (K) – temperature Second (s) – time Mole (mol) – amount of substance.
Chapter 3. Measurement Measurement-A quantity that has both a number and a unit. EX: 12.0 feet In Chemistry the use of very large or very small numbers.
INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY CHAPTERS 1 AND 2. 1.) WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?  The study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.
The Science of Chemistry Measurement. Introduction When you hear the term chemistry, what comes to mind??? What do you think we are going to study?? Choose.
Chapter 2 Measurements and Calculations. Sect. 2-1: Scientific Method Scientific Method Scientific Method ▫ Observing and collecting Data ▫ Qualitative.
Chapter 2 Data Analysis. Units of Measurement SI (Systém Internationale) Units are the units of science Base Units Time: Second Length: Meter Mass: Kilogram.
Chapter Menu Analyzing Data Section 2.1Section 2.1Units and Measurements Section 2.2Section 2.2 Scientific Notation and Dimensional Analysis Section.
Flashcards for Unit 1. Anything that has mass & occupies space. Matter.
Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations Ch 2.1 Scientific Method Steps to the Scientific Method (1) Make observations-- Use your 5 senses to gather.
Scientific Measurement. Measurements and Their Uncertainty Measurement – quantity that has both a number and unit Measurement – quantity that has both.
Chapter 2 Measurements and Calculations
Chapter 2: Measurement & Problem Solving pg LO: I can use scientific notation with sig figs in mathematic calculations.
Chapter 1 The Nature of Science.
Measuring and Calculating
The Nature of Science Sections 1.2 and 1.3
Chapter 3 Ultimate Review!
Flashcards for Unit 1.
Scientific Measurement
Introduction To Chemistry
Observing, Measuring, & Calculating
Scientific Measurement Measurements and Their Uncertainty
Chapter 3: Scientific Measurement
Measurement.
Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations
Chapter 2 One of the key parts of the scientific method is the ability to make measurements. If I told you a measurement was What would be your.
Measurements and Calculations
Chapter 3 Scientific Measurement 3.2 Units of Measurement
Do Now: Working only with the people at your table, measure the length, width, and height of the room. DO NOT discuss your results with other groups. Record.
Measurements and Calculations
Section 2.1 Units and Measurements
Measuring and Calculating
Day 12 Chapter 2 Section 1 Lab Day 13 – Measurements
Measurements and Problem Solving in Chemistry
Daily Science (August 27th)
Flashcards for Unit 1.
Pre-AP Chemistry Measurements and Calculations.
Introduction: Matter and Measurement
Scientific Measurement
Metric Systems and Significant Figures
Measuring and Calculating
Analyzing Data Chemistry Chapter 2.
Basic Units Length meters Mass kilograms Time seconds.
Metric Base Units Meter (m) – length Kilogram (kg) – mass
Chapter-2: Analyzing Data (measurements) Dr. Chirie Sumanasekera
Measurements 9/15/10.
Solve Apply the concepts to this problem.
Chapter 3 Scientific Measurement 3.2 Units of Measurement
Scientific Measurement
Chapter 3.
Scientific Measurement
The Scientific Method.
Chapter 2 Analyzing Data
Introduction to Chemistry and Measurement
Chemistry Measurement Notes
What are the SI base units for time, length, mass, and temperature?
Scientific Measurements
Chemistry: The Central Science
Presentation transcript:

Unit 0 Chapters 1, 2 and 3 Mr. Crofoot - Chemistry Units and Math Unit 0 Chapters 1, 2 and 3 Mr. Crofoot - Chemistry

Which of the following is not a NGSS Cross Cutting Concept? 8/20/18 Starter/Plicker Which of the following is not a NGSS Cross Cutting Concept? Stability and Change Patterns Cause and Effect The Scientific Method /

8/20/18 Write in Notebook Math Objective Units Math you need to know

8/20/18 Write in Notebook Units Units: the symbols at the end of a value that describes what the value represents. The unit can have a single dimension or multiple dimensions The unit can have a base and multiplicative prefixes 5 m 5 m/sec 500 cm/sec

8/20/18 Write in Notebook Adding Values with Units You can only add and subtract values with the same units. If the units are same dimension but not the same unit, one can be converted to match the other before adding or subtracting. 5m + 3ft ≠ 8? 5m + (3ft x 0.305m/ft) = 6m /

8/20/18 Write in Notebook Adding Values with Units Practice Can the following values be added without a unit conversion? 10moles + 7grams (Y/N) 4miles + 6kilometer (Y/N) /

8/20/18 Write in Notebook Multiplying Values with Units You can multiply and divide values with any units. The product units are a combination (multiply and divide) of the factor units. 15 cm x 5 cm = 75 cm2 5m ÷ 3sec = 5/3 m/sec 13.5g ÷ 5.0cm3 = 2.7g/cm3 /

8/20/18 Write in Notebook Multiplying Values with Units Practice Perform the following multiplication and division with the values and the units. 20m2 x 5m = ____ ____ 33m ÷ 3sec = ____ ____ /

8/20/18 End of Class and Homework (Two week Sheet) Read: Chapter 1 Answer Mastering Concepts Question (page 22) 28 Answer Cumulative Review Questions (page 23) 5, 6, 7 /

Add the following values. 43.2 meters + 23.2 seconds = 66.4 meters 8/21/18 Starter/Plicker Add the following values. 43.2 meters + 23.2 seconds = 66.4 meters 66.4 meter seconds 20.0 meter seconds These values cannot be added. /

8/21/18 Write in Notebook Unit Conversions To convert a value with one unit to the value with a different unit, multiply by a ratio with the desired unit on the top and old unit on the bottom. The value represents unity between the units to convert. 5.00𝑚 × 39.4𝑖𝑛 𝑚 = 197 in Covered in Section 2.2 of the text. /

8/21/18 Write in Notebook Unit Conversions Practice Perform the following conversions. Write the values and the units. 24𝑔 × 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 12 𝑔 = ___ __ 4𝑚𝐿 × 5 𝑔 𝑚𝐿 = ___ __ /

8/21/18 Write in Notebook Adding Significant Figures When adding or subtracting values with significant figures, answer should have same number of digits after the decimal as the additive value with the least digits after the decimal 5.32𝑚+ 250m = 255m /

8/21/18 Write in Notebook Adding Significant Figures Practice Add the following values and write answer with the appropriate significant figures and units. 10𝑓𝑡+ 250.1ft = ____ __ 3.04$+ 250$ = ____ __ /

8/21/18 Write in Notebook Multiplying Significant Figures When multiplying or dividing values with significant figures, answer should have same number of significant figures as the factor value with the least significant figures. 20.00𝑚 ÷ 5.0sec = 4.0m/sec /

8/21/18 Write in Notebook Multiplying Significant Figures Practice Multiply and divide the following values and write answer with the appropriate significant figures and units. 3.00𝑚 x 5.0𝑚 = ____ ___ 16.𝑚 ÷ 4.02 sec = ____ ___ /

8/21/18 End of Class and Homework (Two week Sheet) Define the following terms: Significant Figures Hypothesis Law Fact Independent Variable Dependent Variable /

11 meters x 39.3701 inches/meter = 433.0711 inches 430 inches 8/22/18 Starter/Plicker Convert 11 meters to inches. What is the answer with appropriate units and significant figures? 11 meters x 39.3701 inches/meter = 433.0711 inches 430 inches 433 inches These values cannot be multiplied /

8/22/18 Write in Notebook Scientific Notation Instead of writing a value many digits, we can use scientific notation. 23,000,000 = 2.3 x107 Scientific notation also removes the ambiguity of the number of significant figures. 2.3 x107 Two Significant Figures 2.30 x107 Three Significant Figures /

8/22/18 Write in Notebook Scientific Notation On your calculator, scientific notation is represented by EE. 2.3EE7 = 2.3 x107 2.3EE-7 = 2.3 x10-7 EE is usually the 2nd function of a key. /

8/22/18 Write in Notebook Scientific Notation Adding/Subtracting in Scientific Notation = 2.3 x106 + 2.3 x107 Convert one number to the Scientific Notation power of the other = 0.23 x107 + 2.3 x107 Then add = 2.5 x107 Note Significant Figures only to one after decimal /

8/22/18 Write in Notebook Scientific Notation Multiplying/Dividing in Scientific Notation = (2.3 x106) x (2.30 x107) Multiply the numbers and add the powers = (2.3x2.30) x (106+7) = 5.3 x1013 Note Significant Figures only two /

8/22/18 Write in Notebook Scientific Notation Practice Subtract: (5.48 x108) - (2.3 x107) = Divide: : (5.48 x108) / (2.3 x107) Significant Figures? /

8/22/18 End of Class and Homework (Two week Sheet) Mastering Problems (page 51) 77 a, c, g, i 78 a, b, d, e /

8/23/18 Starter/Plicker Convert 18 meters into miles. There are 1.61 kilometers per mile. Use appropriate significant figures. 29 miles 0.01118 miles 28.89 miles 0.011 miles /

8/23/18 Write in Notebook Percent Error P.E. = 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 −𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 x 100% If a chemist determines the result of an experiment is 42.7 grams/mole, and the accepted scientific value is 43.5 grams/mole, her percent error is: (43.5-42.7)/43.5 x 100% = 1.84% /

8/23/18 Write in Notebook What Does Math Mean? Addition and Subtraction A + B = C A + B = C A - B = C A + B = C Must have the same units to add or subtract!!!!! Answer has the same units!!!! When one variable is held constant, how do the other two variables change together? /

8/23/18 Write in Notebook What Does Math Mean? Multiplication and Division A x B = C A x B = C A ÷ B = C 𝐴 𝐵 = C Can have any units to multiply or divide!!!! Answer has the combined units!!!! When one variable is held constant, how do the other two variables change together?

8/23/18 Write in Notebook Solving Math Problems? Find all the information that you are given in terms of variables and what equation to use. Figure out what variable you are being asked to determine. Find out what variable information is missing and locate that information. Plug values into equation with units. If the units do not match, then perform unit conversion. Isolate the unknown variable. Same operation on both side of equal sign. Solve the number problem. Does it make sense? Solve the unit problem. Does it make sense?

8/23/18 Write in Notebook Solving Math Problems? Ideal Gas Law Example: PV = nRT R = 0.0821 (L·atm/mol·K) P = Pressure (atm) V = Volume (L) T = Temperature (K) T(K) = T(°C)x1(K/°C) + 273(K)

8/23/18 End of Class and Homework (Two week Sheet) Solve the following problems: If the pressure is P=1.2atm, the volume is V=4.5L and the temperature is 15C, how many moles are present? If the pressure is doubled and the number of moles and temperature are held constant, what happens to the volume, V? /

8/24/18 Starter/Plicker Using the Ideal Gas Equation: P V = n R T If the temperature (T) and number of moles (n) stay the same and the pressure (P) is increased, what happens to the volume (V)? R is a constant. Volume increases Volume decreases Volume stays the same Cannot be determined

8/24/18 Write in Notebook Scientists Use the Metric System Extensive: a property that depends on the amount of material Intensive: a property that does not depend on the amount of material

8/24/18 Write in Notebook Scientists Use the Metric System Length Meter (m) Extensive Volume Liter (L) Extensive Mass Gram (g) Extensive Time Second (sec) Intensive Temperature Centigrade (°C) Intensive Heat Calorie (C ) Extensive Count 6.02x1023 (mole) Extensive

8/24/18 Write in Notebook Scientists Use the Metric System When combined with a unit these prefixes change the value by orders of magnitude. Bigger Units Smaller Units Deca 10+1 or 10 Deci 10-1 or 0.1 Hecta 10+2 or 100 Centi 10-2 or 0.01 Kilo 10+3 or 1,000 Milli 10-3 or 0.001 Mega 10+6 or 1,000,000 Micro 10-6 or 0.000001 Gega 10+9 Nano 10-9 tera 10+12 Pico 10-12

8/24/18 Write in Notebook Chemists Use the Metric System Many of units are related by water or based on water: One cubic centimeter (cc) is the volume as one milliliter (mL) One cc or mL of water weighs one gram Water freezes at 0ºC and boils at 100ºC It takes one calorie to heat one gram (g) of water one degree Celsius (ºC).

8/24/18 Write in Notebook Chemists Use the Metric System Precision: is how well you can reproduce a measurement Accuracy: is how close the measurement is to the real thing

8/24/18 End of Class and Homework (Two week Sheet) Review Chapter 2 Do the following Mastering Concepts and Mastering Problems (page 50-51): 61, 67, 80, 81 86 /

8/27/18 Starter/Plicker Mass and volume are both extensive properties. Density (mass/volume) is a combination of mass and volume. Density is: Extensive Intensive Both Extensive and Intensive Neither Extensive or Intensive

8/27/18 Work on CRAM Sheet CRAM SHEET Unit 0 Work on CRAM Sheet today. We will go over CRAM Sheet tomorrow. Test on Wednesday

8/28/18 Review CRAM Sheet CRAM SHEET Unit 0

8/29/18 Test Unit 0 Test Unit 0