Algorithm: Word comes from Arabic Author Abū ‘Abdallāh Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī Algorism Algebra: Kitab al-Mukhtasar fi Hisab al-Jabr wal-Muqabala (The Compendious Book on Calculation and Balancing) Word “Algorithm” appeared in the English dictionaries in 70s Informal Definition: Sequence of computational steps that transform the input into output Technically: Finite set of instructions Accomplishes a particular task

Program: Data Structures: Sequence of instructions written to perform a specified task for a computer Implementation of an algorithm in a programming language Data Structures: A particular way of storing and organizing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently Way to organize data so that we can use it effectively to solve a problem Arrays Lists Stacks Queues

Criteria to satisfy (Computer Science): Input : Zero or more quantities Output : At least one Definiteness : Clear & Unambiguous instructions Finiteness : Must terminate after a finite number of steps Effectiveness : Every instruction must be feasible Specification of Input (Example ): All 2-digit even numbers Multiple algorithms for the same problem Input Algorithm Output

Program: Data Structures: Sequence of instructions written to perform a specified task for a computer Implementation of an algorithm in a programming language Data Structures: A particular way of storing and organizing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently Way to organize data so that we can use it effectively to solve a problem Arrays Lists Stacks Queues